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Internationalisierung der IT-Dienstleister: Eine Bestandsaufnahme

Author

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  • Engel, Dirk
  • Dehio, Jochen
  • Döhrn, Roland
  • Janßen-Timmen, Ronald
  • Scheuer, Markus
  • Stiebale, Joel

Abstract

Seit Jahren gewinnen moderne Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien (IKT) beträchtlich an Bedeutung. Über ihren wachsenden Anteil an der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Produktion hinaus birgt der Querschnittscharakter dieser Technologien für viele Chancen, da er neue Möglichkeiten der Vernetzung verschiedenster Akteure schafft und neue Formen der internationalen Arbeitsteilung erlaubt. Bei der Erschließung dieser Chancen kommt IT-Dienstleistern eine besondere Bedeutung zu. Sie bewegen sich in einem Umfeld, welches durch einen rapide fortschreitenden technologischen Wandel und eine verstärkte Einbindung in nationale und internationale Unternehmensnetzwerke geprägt ist (Sahay et al. 2003). Als wichtige Impulsgeber für die Handelbarkeit von IT-Dienstleistungen und deren weltweiten Vertrieb werden die zunehmende Verbreitung von (qualitativ hochwertigen) Internetzugängen und der Trend hin zur Standardisierung und Modularisierung im IT-Dienstleistungsumfeld (Berlecon 2006) angesehen. Chancen für Dienstleistungsanbieter entstehen aber auch dadurch, dass mit dem Vordringen von Standardsoftware in wachsendem Maße kundenspezifische Anpassungen und Beratungsdienstleistungen erforderlich werden (z.B. Boes 2004, 2005). Neben den technischen Impulsen hat derWandel weiterer wesentlicher Rahmenbedingungen die Chancen für eine Internationalisierung der wirtschaftlichen Tätigkeit von IT-Dienstleistern verbessert. Dazu zählen der Fall des Eisernern Vorhangs, die Öffnung Chinas, die Schaffung des EU-Binnenmarktes und die weltweite Liberalisierung der Dienstleistungsmärkte im Rahmen des GATS1. Die Öffnung der Märkte Mittel- und Osteuropas gibt deutschen Anbietern Chancen für neue Absatz- und Beschaffungsmärkte in räumlicher Nähe. Den Chancen steht auf der anderen Seite ein höherer Wettbewerbsdruck gegenüber, denn ausländische Konkurrenten (z.B. aus Indien) dringen verstärkt auf inländische Märkte vor. Mit zunehmender Sättigung in traditionellen Absatzmärkten wie Großbritannien und den USA wenden sich viele Anbieter verstärkt auch dem deutschen Markt zu. IT-Dienstleister sind daher angehalten, sich verstärkt mit einem absatz- und beschaffungsseitigen Auslandsengagement zu befassen. Hierfür spricht auch, dass sich die Anforderungen der heimischen Kunden verändern. Denn mit zunehmender Internationalisierung (Deutschland als Exportweltmeister im Produzierenden Gewerbe) wächst auch der Wunsch nach globaler Unterstützung durch einheimische IT-Dienstleister.

Suggested Citation

  • Engel, Dirk & Dehio, Jochen & Döhrn, Roland & Janßen-Timmen, Ronald & Scheuer, Markus & Stiebale, Joel, 2007. "Internationalisierung der IT-Dienstleister: Eine Bestandsaufnahme," RWI Materialien 36, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:rwimat:36
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