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Deutsche Wirtschaft im Sommer 2025: Talsohle erreicht, Erholungssignale verdichten sich
[German Economy in Summer 2025: Signs of recovery as economy bottoms out]

Author

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  • Boysen-Hogrefe, Jens
  • Groll, Dominik
  • Hoffmann, Timo
  • Jannsen, Nils
  • Kooths, Stefan
  • Schröder, Christian

Abstract

Die deutsche Wirtschaft sieht etwas Licht am Ende des Tunnels. Zum Jahresauftakt ist die Wirtschaftsleistung deutlich gestiegen und die Unternehmen blicken wieder etwas zuversichtlicher in die Zukunft. Zunächst dürfte die wirtschaftliche Dynamik jedoch noch verhalten bleiben, auch weil die US-Handelspolitik negativ zu Buche schlägt. Neben den dämpfenden Effekten der höheren US-Zölle werden auch die vorgezogenen Lieferungen in die Vereinigten Staaten, die zu dem guten Jahresauftakt beigetragen haben, die Produktion zwischenzeitlich belasten. Im kommenden Jahr, wenn sich die ungleich größeren finanzpolitischen Spielräume der neuen Bundesregierung zunehmend bemerkbar machen, wird sich das Expansionstempo merklich erhöhen. Insgesamt rechnen wir im Vergleich zur Frühjahrsprognose nun mit etwas höheren Zuwachsraten des Bruttoinlandsprodukts von 0,3 Prozent (Frühjahr: 0,0 Prozent) in diesem Jahr und 1,6 Prozent (Frühjahr: 1,5 Prozent) im Jahr 2026. Dabei ist unterstellt, dass die expansive Finanzpolitik im Jahr 2026 die Zuwachsrate um etwa 0,8 Prozentpunkte erhöhen und die höheren US-Zölle die Expansion in diesem und im kommenden Jahr um zusammengenommen 0,3 Prozentpunkte dämpfen werden. Neben der US-Handelspolitik macht den deutschen Exporteuren weiterhin vor allem die deutlich gesunkene Wettbewerbsfähigkeit zu schaffen. Die Inflation wird im Jahr 2026 vor allem aufgrund niedrigerer Energiepreise auf 1,6 Prozent zurückgehen, nach 2,2 Prozent im laufenden Jahr. Angesichts der steigenden Einkommen wird der private Konsum in diesem und im kommenden Jahr merklich zulegen, zumal sich die Kaufkraft der privaten Haushalte durch die niedrigeren Energiepreise erhöht. Die Bruttoanlageinvestitionen werden ihre Talsohle nach Rückgängen in den vergangenen drei Jahren durchschreiten. Neben den wieder günstigeren Finanzierungsbedingungen trägt dazu im kommenden Jahr auch die expansive Finanzpolitik bei. Mit der wirtschaftlichen Belebung wird der Arbeitsmarkt seine Schwächephase im kommenden Jahr überwinden und die Arbeitslosigkeit wieder zurückgehen. Das Finanzierungsdefizit des Staates wird im Jahr 2026 voraussichtlich auf 3,5 Prozent in Relation zum Bruttoinlandsprodukt steigen. Für das laufende Jahr zeichnet sich ein Rückgang auf 2,1 Prozent ab (2024: 2,7 Prozent).

Suggested Citation

  • Boysen-Hogrefe, Jens & Groll, Dominik & Hoffmann, Timo & Jannsen, Nils & Kooths, Stefan & Schröder, Christian, 2025. "Deutsche Wirtschaft im Sommer 2025: Talsohle erreicht, Erholungssignale verdichten sich [German Economy in Summer 2025: Signs of recovery as economy bottoms out]," Kieler Konjunkturberichte 125, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:ifwkkb:320470
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    References listed on IDEAS

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