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Youth Unemployment and Retirement of the Elderly: the Case of Italy

Author

Listed:
  • Agar Brugiavini

    (Department of Economics, University Of Venice C� Foscari)

  • Franco Peracchi

    (University of Rome �Tor Vergata�)

Abstract

This paper shows that the �lump of labor� assumption fails in Italy. The direct relationship between the unemployment rate of the young and the labor force participation of the old is pro-cyclical, i.e. a higher labor force participation of the old is related to a lower unemployment rate of the young. Hence both vary with the business cycle. In order to overcome endogeneity problems in explaining unemployment of the young, we resort to a simulated variable: �the inducement to retire�, which is constructed by simulating the social security benefits. We related the unemployment rate of the young to this incentive measure and find that a higher inducement to retire is associated to a higher unemployment rate � quite the opposite of the �young-in-old-out� story.

Suggested Citation

  • Agar Brugiavini & Franco Peracchi, 2008. "Youth Unemployment and Retirement of the Elderly: the Case of Italy," Working Papers 2008_45, Department of Economics, University of Venice "Ca' Foscari".
    • Handle: RePEc:ven:wpaper:2008_45
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bertola, Giuseppe, 1990. "Job security, employment and wages," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 34(4), pages 851-879, June.
    2. Agar Brugiavini & Franco Peracchi, 2003. "Social Security Wealth and Retirement Decisions in Italy," LABOUR, CEIS, vol. 17(s1), pages 79-114, August.
    3. Gruber, Jonathan & Wise, David A. (ed.), 2004. "Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World," National Bureau of Economic Research Books, University of Chicago Press, edition 1, number 9780226310183, August.
    4. Graziella Caselli & Franco Peracchi & Elisabetta Barbi & Rosa Maria Lipsi, 2003. "Differential Mortality and the Design of the Italian System of Public Pensions," LABOUR, CEIS, vol. 17(s1), pages 45-78, August.
    5. Michele Boldrin & Juan J. Dolado & Juan F. Jimeno & Franco Peracchi, 1999. "The future of pensions in Europe," Economic Policy, CEPR, CESifo, Sciences Po;CES;MSH, vol. 14(29), pages 288-320.
    6. Agar Brugiavini & Franco Peracchi, 2004. "Micro-Modeling of Retirement Behavior in Italy," NBER Chapters, in: Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World: Micro-Estimation, pages 345-398, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    7. Agar Brugiavini & Franco Peracchi, 2007. "Fiscal Implications of Pension Reforms in Italy," NBER Chapters, in: Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World: Fiscal Implications of Reform, pages 253-294, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    8. Floro Ernesto Caroleo & Fernanda Mazzotta, 1998. "Youth Unemployment and Youth Employment Policies in Italy," CELPE Discussion Papers 45, CELPE - CEnter for Labor and Political Economics, University of Salerno, Italy.
    9. Samuel Bentolila & Juan J. Dolado, 1994. "Labour Flexibility and Wages: Lessons from Spain," Working Papers wp1994_9406, CEMFI.
    10. Jonathan Gruber & David A. Wise, 2004. "Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World: Micro-Estimation," NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number grub04-1, December.
    11. Samuel Bentolila & Giuseppe Bertola, 1990. "Firing Costs and Labour Demand: How Bad is Eurosclerosis?," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 57(3), pages 381-402.
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    13. Michele Boldrin & Sergi Jiménez-Martín & Franco Peracchi, 2004. "Micro-Modeling of Retirement Behavior in Spain," NBER Chapters, in: Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World: Micro-Estimation, pages 499-578, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    14. repec:bla:labour:v:17:y:2003:i:specialissue:p:79-114 is not listed on IDEAS
    15. repec:bla:labour:v:17:y:2003:i:specialissue:p:45-78 is not listed on IDEAS
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    Cited by:

    1. Piotr Ciżkowicz & Michał Kowalczuk & Andrzej Rzońca, 2016. "Heterogeneous determinants of local unemployment in Poland," Post-Communist Economies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 28(4), pages 487-519, October.
    2. Bertoni, Marco & Brunello, Giorgio, 2017. "Does Delayed Retirement Affect Youth Employment? Evidence from Italian Local Labour Markets," IZA Discussion Papers 10733, IZA Network @ LISER.
    3. Floro Ernesto Caroleo, 2012. "Il difficile passaggio verso il lavoro dei giovani che lasciano la scuola: Quali possibili politiche?," Discussion Papers 5_2012, CRISEI, University of Naples "Parthenope", Italy.
    4. Murrugarra, Edmundo, 2011. "Employability and productivity among older workers : apolicy framework and evidence from Latin America," The Social Policy and Labor Discussion Paper Series 63230, The World Bank.

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • H3 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents
    • J2 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor
    • J6 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers

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