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La Apertura al Comercio Exterior y sus Efectos sobre la Productividad en Presencia de Diferencias Intersectoriales

Author

Listed:
  • Navas, Antonio

    (Departamento de Análisis Económico (Teoría e Historia Económica). Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.)

Abstract

Este artículo estudia los efectos que una apertura global al comercio exterior tiene sobre la productividad a nivel de empresa y a nivel de industria en un entorno donde existen diferencias intersectoriales en niveles de competencia inicial. Los sectores menos competitivos sufren mucho más la competencia extranjera, lo cual reducen mucho más sus márgenes, y aumentan mucho más el volumen de producción y el personal dedicado a I+D, aumentando la productividad de sus empresas. En presencia de diferencias importantes en niveles de competencia inicial entre sectores, la apertura global puede generar una reducción del personal dedicado a I+D en aquellos sectores más competitivos debido a un efecto crowding-out por parte de los otros sectores: puesto que los menos competitivos ganan más en eficiencia tras la apertura, estos aumentan la demanda de factores rivales desviando recursos hacia su sector en detrimento de los otros sectores.

Suggested Citation

  • Navas, Antonio, 2010. "La Apertura al Comercio Exterior y sus Efectos sobre la Productividad en Presencia de Diferencias Intersectoriales," Working Papers in Economic Theory 2010/04, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain), Department of Economic Analysis (Economic Theory and Economic History).
    • Handle: RePEc:uam:wpaper:201004
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Navas, Antonio, 2012. "Asymmetric trade liberalization, sector heterogeneity and Innovation," Working Papers in Economic Theory 2012/05, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain), Department of Economic Analysis (Economic Theory and Economic History).

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • F12 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies; Fragmentation
    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • F43 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Economic Growth of Open Economies

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