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Comment améliorer la qualité des emplois salariés exercés par les étudiants ? Les enseignements d’une expérience contrôlée

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  • Jekaterina Dmitrijeva
  • Yannick L'Horty
  • Loïc Du Parquet
  • Pascale Petit

Abstract

L'expérimentation " Améliorer la Qualité des Emplois Exercés par les Etudiants " (AQ3E) a été effectuée à l'Université du Maine pendant deux années universitaires, de la rentrée 2010 à fin 2012, et a consisté à mettre en place une plateforme de mise à disposition d'offres d'emploi à destination des étudiants de licence. Le principe de l'évaluation repose sur une randomisation de l'accès individuel des étudiants à cette plateforme. L'échantillon total est constitué de deux groupes de 234 étudiants qui ont bénéficié ou non de 176 offres d'emplois de bonne qualité collectées par la cellule AQ3E auprès d'un vaste ensemble d'entreprises, correspondant à plus de 2000 missions. Ces offres sont très variées à la fois selon le niveau de rémunération (le plus souvent proche du Smic), la durée hebdomadaire du travail, la durée du contrat et le secteur d'activité (commerce, service aux personnes, service aux entreprises, enseignement, ...). Le principe de l'expérimentation a donc été d'élargir l'éventail des possibilités d'emploi offertes aux étudiants du groupe test. Trois ensembles de résultats émergent à l'issue de ce travail. Tout d'abord, l'expérimentation a effectivement accru les chances d'accès des étudiants à un travail salarié. Les étudiants du groupe test ont eu accès plus fréquemment à une activité salariée (pour environ 65 % d'entre eux, contre 54% dans le groupe témoin) et ont signé plus fréquemment un contrat de travail. Le deuxième ensemble de résultats porte sur la nature des emplois occupés par les étudiants qui a été modifié par l'expérimentation. Les emplois pourvus consistent plus souvent dans des missions ponctuelles, contractualisées, exercées durant la semaine et en journée (plutôt que le soir et le week-end), avec des horaires compatibles avec l'emploi du temps universitaire et une conciliation beaucoup plus facile entre études et travail. Ces emplois ont une rémunération horaire un peu plus élevée mais également une durée hebdomadaire plus co
(This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)

Suggested Citation

  • Jekaterina Dmitrijeva & Yannick L'Horty & Loïc Du Parquet & Pascale Petit, 2013. "Comment améliorer la qualité des emplois salariés exercés par les étudiants ? Les enseignements d’une expérience contrôlée," TEPP Research Report 2013-05, TEPP.
    • Handle: RePEc:tep:tepprr:rr13-05
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yannick L’Horty & Pascale Petit, 2011. "Evaluation aléatoire et expérimentations sociales," Revue française d'économie, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 0(1), pages 13-48.
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    3. Christian Dustmann & Arthur Soest, 2008. "Part-time work, school success and school leaving," Studies in Empirical Economics, in: Christian Dustmann & Bernd Fitzenberger & Stephen Machin (ed.), The Economics of Education and Training, pages 23-45, Springer.
    4. Marcel Dagenais & Muriel Meunier & Claude Montmarquette & Nathalie Viennot-Briot, 2000. "Le décrochage scolaire, la performance scolaire et le travail pendant les études: un modèle avec groupe hétérogène," CIRANO Working Papers 2000s-55, CIRANO.
    5. Jean Luc De Meulemeester, 2012. "L’enseignement supérieur et la crise en Europe :quelques réflexions," DULBEA Working Papers 12-01, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    6. Magali Beffy & Denis Fougère & Arnaud Maurel, 2009. "L’impact du travail salarié des étudiants sur la réussite et la poursuite des études universitaires," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 422(1), pages 31-50.
    7. Imbens, Guido W & Angrist, Joshua D, 1994. "Identification and Estimation of Local Average Treatment Effects," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 62(2), pages 467-475, March.
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    1. Kady Marie-Danielle Body & Liliane Bonnal & Jean-Fran篩s Giret, 2014. "Does student employment really impact academic achievement? The case of France," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(25), pages 3061-3073, September.

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