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The Relationship between Female Representation at Strategic Level and Firm's Competitiveness: Evidences from Cargo Logistic Firms of Pakistan and Canada

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  • Haque, Adnan ul
  • Faizan, Riffat
  • Cockrill, Antje

Abstract

The comparative study investigates the impact of various attributes such as feminine leadership style, gender diversity, and autonomy linked with the female representation at strategic level on the performance and competitiveness of the Cargo Logistic Firms in the contrasting economies; Pakistan and Canada. Previous studies offered limited insight due to unidimensional while this study takes multivariate approach, considering; variable of interest examined in terms of economies and gender. Cross-sectional research design following semi-structured questionnaire circulated among targeted audience by combining of stratified (probability) and convenience, purposive, and snowball (non-probability) sampling technique at layers of management. The combined sample size is 631 employees. The results showed that females prefer more flexible leadership style in comparison to males. Organisations having high gender diversity and female representation at strategic level are more progressive and innovative. Interestingly, in developing economies, rapid career growth chances are higher for females. Females are more people oriented while male are more task-oriented. Males have high desire for autonomy at workplace.

Suggested Citation

  • Haque, Adnan ul & Faizan, Riffat & Cockrill, Antje, 2017. "The Relationship between Female Representation at Strategic Level and Firm's Competitiveness: Evidences from Cargo Logistic Firms of Pakistan and Canada," MPRA Paper 80031, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 24 Apr 2017.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:80031
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    4. Cristian L. Dezsö & David Gaddis Ross, 2012. "Does female representation in top management improve firm performance? A panel data investigation," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(9), pages 1072-1089, September.
    5. Fidan Ana Kurtulus & Donald Tomaskovic-Devey, 2011. "Do Women Top Managers Help Women Advance? A Panel Study Using EEO-1 Records," UMASS Amherst Economics Working Papers 2011-14, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Department of Economics.
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    7. Haque, Adnan ul & Aston, John & Kozlovski, Eugene, 2016. "Do causes and consequences of stress affect genders differently at operational level? Comparison of the IT sectors in the UK and Pakistan," MPRA Paper 75849, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Kurtulus, Fidan Ana & Tomaskovic-Devey, Donald, 2012. "Do Women Top Managers Help Women Advance? A Panel Study Using EEO-1 Records," IZA Discussion Papers 6444, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
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    6. Asghar, Saima & Oino, Isaiah, 2017. "Leadership Styles and Job Satisfaction," MPRA Paper 91137, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 15 Dec 2017.
    7. Suhendro Oktosatrio, 2018. "Investigating the Relationship between Work-LifeBalance and Motivation of the Employees: Evidences from the Local Government of Jakarta," International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Human Resource Management Academic Research Society, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, vol. 8(2), pages 205-221, February.
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    10. Omolara Eunice Abdul, 2018. "Entrepreneurial skills and growth of Small and Medium Enterprise (SMEs): A comparative analysis of Nigerian entrepreneurs and Minority entrepreneurs in the UK," International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Human Resource Management Academic Research Society, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, vol. 8(5), pages 27-46, May.
    11. Faizan, Riffat & Sreekumaran Nair, Sree Lekshmi & Haque, Adnan ul, 2018. "The effectiveness of Feminine and Masculine Leadership styles in relation to contrasting gender's performances," MPRA Paper 87713, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 28 Mar 2018.
    12. Muhammad Imran & Waseem ul Hameed & Adnan ul Haque, 2018. "Influence of Industry 4.0 on the Production and Service Sectors in Pakistan: Evidence from Textile and Logistics Industries," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 7(12), pages 1-21, November.
    13. Ardjouman Diabate & Hagan Sibiri & Linyu Wang & Liying Yu, 2019. "Assessing SMEs’ Sustainable Growth through Entrepreneurs’ Ability and Entrepreneurial Orientation: An Insight into SMEs in Côte d’Ivoire," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(24), pages 1-26, December.
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    16. Adnan Faridi & Akhtar Baloch & Abuzar Wajidi, 2017. "The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction between Training and Development Practices and Organizational Commitment: Responses from Private Banking Sectors of Karachi, Pakistan," International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Human Resource Management Academic Research Society, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, vol. 7(10), pages 603-616, October.
    17. Faridi, Adnan & Baloch, Akhtar & Wajidi, Abuzar, 2017. "The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction between Training and Development Practices and Organizational Commitment: Responses from Private Banking Sectors of Karachi, Pakistan," MPRA Paper 82510, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 20 Sep 2017.
    18. Ali Junaid Khan, Jawad Iqbal, 2020. "Training and Employee Commitment: The Social Exchange Perspective," Journal of Management Sciences, Geist Science, Iqra University, Faculty of Business Administration, vol. 7(1), pages 88-100, March.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    leadership style; gender diversity; autonomy; corporate hierarchy; female representation; comparative analysis;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C0 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - General
    • C12 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Hypothesis Testing: General
    • D22 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Firm Behavior: Empirical Analysis
    • D23 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Organizational Behavior; Transaction Costs; Property Rights
    • M1 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration
    • M14 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - Corporate Culture; Diversity; Social Responsibility
    • M15 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - IT Management
    • M19 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - Other

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