Greenhouse gas emissions and marginal abatement cost curves for the road transport in Greece

In the current technical report, we consider for the Greek road transport various policies of emission control for the period 2014-2030, and for the first time we estimate the related greenhouse gas emissions expressed in CO2 equivalent and the total costs. These policies result from the high penetration rate of the most recent Euro standards (e.g. Euro 5,6) to the fleet of various vehicle classifications which will be in circulation at the end of each year for the specific period. For each vehicle classification, the shares of vehicles with different technology standards result from the continuation of 2000-2013 trends regarding the number of vehicles adjusted according to a conservative scenario of GDP growth after 2014. The vehicle classifications are differentiated according to (a) engine capacity for passenger cars and motorcycles-mopeds and maximum weight for trucks and buses, and (b) type of fuel (gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas). To calculate the greenhouse gas emissions, we adopt the Tier 2 method, which uses for each vehicle classification the number of vehicles, the annual average mileage per vehicle and the emission factors of each pollutant. For the calculation of total cost we consider four elements: capital, operation, maintenance and fuel costs. Having available the reductions in CO2 emissions and the increases/decreases in the corresponding costs, marginal abatement cost curves are constructed first for specific vehicle classifications and second for general vehicle categories.