IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/pra/mprapa/48716.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Post Keynesian Endogeneity of Money Supply: Panel Evidence

Author

Listed:
  • Nayan, Sabri
  • Ahmad, Mahyudin
  • Kadir, Norsiah
  • Abdullah, Mat Saad

Abstract

Post Keynesian economics is actually macroeconomics in a world of uncertainty and endogenous money. Post Keynesians posit that money supply in a market oriented production economy is endogenous or endogenously determined (rather than exogenous as claimed by Monetarists). Money supply is said to be endogenous if it is determined within the economic system itself. The present paper investigates this theory using a panel dataset of 177 countries from year 1970-2011 utilising dynamic panel data analysis and has found that money supply is endogenous as proposed by Post Keynesian theorists.

Suggested Citation

  • Nayan, Sabri & Ahmad, Mahyudin & Kadir, Norsiah & Abdullah, Mat Saad, 2013. "Post Keynesian Endogeneity of Money Supply: Panel Evidence," MPRA Paper 48716, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:48716
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/48716/1/MPRA_paper_48716.pdf
    File Function: original version
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Stephen Bond & Anke Hoeffler & Jonathan Temple, 2001. "GMM Estimation of Empirical Growth Models," Economics Papers 2001-W21, Economics Group, Nuffield College, University of Oxford.
    2. Robert Pollin, 1991. "Two Theories of Money Supply Endogeneity: Some Empirical Evidence," Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(3), pages 366-396, March.
    3. Alonso-Borrego, Cesar & Arellano, Manuel, 1999. "Symmetrically Normalized Instrumental-Variable Estimation Using Panel Data," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 17(1), pages 36-49, January.
    4. Arellano, Manuel & Bover, Olympia, 1995. "Another look at the instrumental variable estimation of error-components models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 68(1), pages 29-51, July.
    5. Basil J. Moore, 1988. "The Endogenous Money Supply," Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 10(3), pages 372-385, March.
    6. Blundell, Richard & Bond, Stephen, 1998. "Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic panel data models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 87(1), pages 115-143, August.
    7. Thomas I. Palley, 1992. "Money, Credit, and Prices in a Kaldorian Macro Model," Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, M.E. Sharpe, Inc., vol. 14(2), pages 183-203, January.
    8. Nina Shapiro, 2005. "Competition and aggregate demand," Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 27(3), pages 541-549.
    9. Yannis Panagopoulos & Aristotelis Spiliotis, 1998. "The Determinants of Commercial Banks’ Lending Behavior: Some Evidence for Greece," Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(4), pages 649-672, July.
    10. Paul Davidson, 1978. "Why Money Matters: Lessons from a Half-Century of Monetary Theory," Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 1(1), pages 46-70, October.
    11. John Smithin, 1994. "Controversies In Monetary Economics," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 412.
    12. Basil J. Moore, 1983. "Unpacking the Post Keynesian Black Box: Bank Lending and the Money Supply," Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 5(4), pages 537-556, July.
    13. Stephen Bond & Anke Hoeffler, 2001. "GMM Estimation of Empirical Growth Models," Economics Series Working Papers 2001-W21, University of Oxford, Department of Economics.
    14. World Bank, 2012. "World Development Indicators 2012," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 6014, December.
    15. L. Randall Wray, 1992. "Alternative Approaches to Money and Interest Rates," Journal of Economic Issues, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 26(4), pages 1145-1178, December.
    16. Louis-Philippe Rochon, 2001. "Cambridge's Contribution to Endogenous Money: Robinson and Kahn on credit and money," Review of Political Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(3), pages 287-307.
    17. Cifter Atilla & Ozun Alper, 2007. "The Monetary Transmission Mechanism in the New Economy: Evidence from Turkey (1997-2006)," South East European Journal of Economics and Business, Sciendo, vol. 2(1), pages 15-24, April.
    18. Naved Ahmad & Fareed Ahmed, 2006. "The Long-run and Short-run Endogeneity of Money Supply in Pakistan: An Empirical Investigation," SBP Research Bulletin, State Bank of Pakistan, Research Department, vol. 2, pages 267-278..
    19. Thomas I. Palley, 1991. "Money, Credit, and Prices in a Kaldorian Macro Model," Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(2), pages 183-203, December.
    20. Vymyatnina, Yulia, 2006. "How much control does Bank of Russia have over money supply?," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 20(2), pages 131-144, June.
    21. L. Randall Wray, 1995. "Keynesian Monetary Theory: Liquidity Preference or Black Box Horizontalism?," Journal of Economic Issues, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(1), pages 273-282, March.
    22. Basil J. Moore, 1986. "How Credit Drives the Money Supply: The Significance of Institutional Developments," Journal of Economic Issues, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(2), pages 443-452, June.
    23. Marc Lavoie, 2005. "Monetary base endogeneity and the new procedures of the asset-based Canadian and American monetary systems," Journal of Post Keynesian Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 27(4), pages 689-709.
    24. Manuel Arellano & Stephen Bond, 1991. "Some Tests of Specification for Panel Data: Monte Carlo Evidence and an Application to Employment Equations," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 58(2), pages 277-297.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Fredrick M. Banda & Abdi Khalil Edriss, 2023. "How Did Covid-19 Affect the Structural Relationship between Exchange Rates and Money Supply? Evidence from Malawi," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 13(1), pages 199-205, January.
    2. Ugwu Ephraim & Ehinomen Christopher & Nwosa Philip & Efuntade Olubunmi, 2021. "Testing the Validity of the Long Run Neutrality of Money in Nigeria," Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia, Sciendo, vol. 21(2), pages 148-167, December.
    3. van Eeghen, Piet-Hein, 2021. "Funding money-creating banks: Cash funding, balance sheet funding and the moral hazard of currency elasticity," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
    4. Serdar Ongan & Ismet Gocer, 2019. "Revisiting the Stability of Money Multiplier on Determination of Money Supply: Evidence from Canada," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 39(2), pages 1621-1628.
    5. Xie, Jinhua & Yang, Gangqiao & Wang, Ge & Song, Yan & Yang, Fan, 2021. "How do different rural-land-consolidation modes shape farmers’ ecological production behaviors?," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    6. Marina Yu. Malkina & Igor A. Moiseev, 2020. "Endogeneity of Money Supply in the Russian Economy in the Context of the Monetary Regime Change," Finansovyj žhurnal — Financial Journal, Financial Research Institute, Moscow 125375, Russia, issue 3, pages 8-27, June.
    7. Stef Kuypers & Thomas Goorden & Bruno Delepierre, 2021. "Computational Analysis of the Properties of Post-Keynesian Endogenous Money Systems," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-25, July.
    8. Bozena Chovancova & Jaroslav Hudcovsky, 2016. "Quantitative Easing in Europe and its Impact on the Stock Market," Montenegrin Journal of Economics, Economic Laboratory for Transition Research (ELIT), vol. 12(3), pages 155-165.
    9. Rahimi , Azadeh, 2019. "The Endogenous or Exogenous Nature of Money Supply: Case of Iran," Journal of Money and Economy, Monetary and Banking Research Institute, Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran, vol. 14(1), pages 27-40, January.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Nayan, Sabri & Kadir, Norsiah & Ahmad, Mahyudin & Abdullah, Mat Saad, 2013. "Revisiting Energy Consumption and GDP: Evidence from Dynamic Panel Data Analysis," MPRA Paper 48714, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Abonazel, Mohamed R., 2016. "Bias Correction Methods for Dynamic Panel Data Models with Fixed Effects," MPRA Paper 70628, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Gnangnon, Sèna Kimm, 2023. "Duration of membership in the world trade organization and investment-oriented remittances inflows," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 258-277.
    4. Montes, Gabriel Caldas & da Cunha Lima, Luiza Leitão, 2018. "Effects of fiscal transparency on inflation and inflation expectations: Empirical evidence from developed and developing countries," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 26-37.
    5. Gnangnon, Sèna Kimm, 2022. "Duration of WTO Membership and Investment-Oriented Remittances Flows," EconStor Preprints 251274, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
    6. Gnangnon, Sèna Kimm, 2021. "Effect of the Utilization of Non-Reciprocal Trade Preferences offered by the QUAD on Economic Growth in Beneficiary Countries," EconStor Preprints 242848, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
    7. de Mendonça, Helder Ferreira & Galvão, Délio José Cordeiro & Loures, Renato Falci Villela, 2013. "Credit and bank opaqueness: How to avoid financial crises?," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 605-612.
    8. Kazuhiko Hayakawa, 2006. "The Asymptotic Properties of the System GMM Estimator in Dynamic Panel Data Models When Both N and T are Large," Hi-Stat Discussion Paper Series d05-129, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University.
    9. Liu Haiyun & Yassin Elshain Yahia & Md Ismail Hossain & Sayyed Sadaqat Hussain Shah, 2023. "The effect of integration processes of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa on the economic growth of the member states," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(1), pages 93-111, January.
    10. Yongfu Huang, 2011. "Private investment and financial development in a globalized world," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 41(1), pages 43-56, August.
    11. Hayakawa, Kazuhiko, 2007. "Small sample bias properties of the system GMM estimator in dynamic panel data models," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 95(1), pages 32-38, April.
    12. Mr. Marco Gross & Christoph Siebenbrunner, 2019. "Money Creation in Fiat and Digital Currency Systems," IMF Working Papers 2019/285, International Monetary Fund.
    13. Amparo Castelló-Climent, 2010. "Inequality and growth in advanced economies: an empirical investigation," The Journal of Economic Inequality, Springer;Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, vol. 8(3), pages 293-321, September.
    14. Beltratti, Andrea & Paladino, Giovanna, 2016. "Basel II and regulatory arbitrage. Evidence from financial crises," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 39(PB), pages 180-196.
    15. Gabriel Caldas Montes & Diego S. P. Oliveira & Helder Ferreira Mendonça, 2016. "Sovereign Credit Ratings in Developing Economies: New Empirical Assessment," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 21(4), pages 382-397, October.
    16. Diego Silveira Pacheco De Oliveira & Gabriel Caldas Montes, 2016. "Beyond The Macroeconomic Determinants Of Sovereign Credit Ratings In Developing Economies: A Panel Data Analysis Considering Different Dimensions," Anais do XLIII Encontro Nacional de Economia [Proceedings of the 43rd Brazilian Economics Meeting] 049, ANPEC - Associação Nacional dos Centros de Pós-Graduação em Economia [Brazilian Association of Graduate Programs in Economics].
    17. Samuel Fosu & Albert Danso & Henry Agyei-Boapeah & Collins G. Ntim & Emmanuel Adegbite, 2020. "Credit information sharing and loan default in developing countries: the moderating effect of banking market concentration and national governance quality," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 55(1), pages 55-103, July.
    18. Yerrabati, Sridevi, 2022. "Does vulnerable employment alleviate poverty in developing countries?," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    19. Kletzer, Kenneth & Spiegel, Mark M., 2004. "Sterilization costs and exchange rate targeting," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 23(6), pages 897-915, October.
    20. Marrero, Gustavo A., 2010. "Greenhouse gases emissions, growth and the energy mix in Europe," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 32(6), pages 1356-1363, November.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Post-Keynesians; Endogeneity; Panel Data Analysis; System GMM.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E12 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General Aggregative Models - - - Keynes; Keynesian; Post-Keynesian; Modern Monetary Theory
    • E51 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Money Supply; Credit; Money Multipliers

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:48716. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Joachim Winter (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/vfmunde.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.