IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/pra/mprapa/48016.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

When can economic impact be positive? Nine conditions that explain why smaller sports can have bigger impacts

Author

Listed:
  • Agha, Nola
  • Rascher, Daniel

Abstract

This explanatory research reviews the economic impact literature to identify the conditions that would theoretically allow any sport, large or small, to generate positive economic effects. Nine conditions are identified that, when present, could allow a community to experience a positive economic impact from a team or stadium. The nine conditions are then used to explain the discrepancy in known empirical outcomes in Major and Minor League Baseball. It appears as if major league teams are more likely to violate the conditions while minor league teams are not. This research finds theoretical support for previous suggestions that smaller teams and events may be beneficial to local economies. In doing so, it also explains previous empirical results that found some minor league baseball classifications are associated with positive gains in per capita income.

Suggested Citation

  • Agha, Nola & Rascher, Daniel, 2013. "When can economic impact be positive? Nine conditions that explain why smaller sports can have bigger impacts," MPRA Paper 48016, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:48016
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/48016/1/MPRA_paper_48016.pdf
    File Function: original version
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Robert Baade & Victor Matheson, 2004. "The Quest for the Cup: Assessing the Economic Impact of the World Cup," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 38(4), pages 343-354.
    2. Chad D. McEvoy & Mark S. Nagel & Timothy D. DeSchriver & Matthew T. Brown, 2005. "Facility Age and Attendance in Major League Baseball," Sport Management Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 8(1), pages 19-41, January.
    3. John Siegfried & Andrew Zimbalist, 2002. "A Note on the Local Economic Impact of Sports Expenditures," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 3(4), pages 361-366, November.
    4. Robert Baade & Robert Baumann & Victor Matheson, 2005. "Selling the Big Game: Estimating the Economic Impact of Mega-Events through Taxable Sales," Working Papers 0510, College of the Holy Cross, Department of Economics.
    5. Robert A. Baade & Robert Baumann & Victor A. Matheson, 2008. "Selling the Game: Estimating the Economic Impact of Professional Sports through Taxable Sales," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 74(3), pages 794-810, January.
    6. McEvoy, Chad D. & Nagel, Mark S. & DeSchriver, Timothy D. & Brown, Matthew T., 2005. "Facility Age and Attendance in Major League Baseball," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 8(1), pages 19-41, May.
    7. Kaveephong Lertwachara & James J. Cochran, 2007. "An Event Study of the Economic Impact of Professional Sport Franchises on Local U.S. Economies," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 8(3), pages 244-254, June.
    8. John J. Siegfried & Andrew Zimbalist, 2000. "The Economics of Sports Facilities and Their Communities," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 14(3), pages 95-114, Summer.
    9. Dennis Coates & Craig A Depken, 2009. "The Impact of College Football Games on Local Sales Tax Revenue: Evidence from Four Cities in Texas," Eastern Economic Journal, Palgrave Macmillan;Eastern Economic Association, vol. 35(4), pages 531-547.
    10. Victor Matheson, 2004. "Is Smaller Better? A Comment on "Comparative Economic Impact Analyses" by Michael Mondello and Patrick Rishe," Working Papers 0407, College of the Holy Cross, Department of Economics.
    11. Robert A. Baade & Victor A. Matheson, 2001. "Home Run or Wild Pitch?," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 2(4), pages 307-327, November.
    12. Christopher M. Clapp & Jahn K. Hakes, 2005. "How Long a Honeymoon? The Effect of New Stadiums on Attendance in Major League Baseball," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 6(3), pages 237-263, August.
    13. Dennis Coates, 2007. "Stadiums And Arenas: Economic Development Or Economic Redistribution?," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 25(4), pages 565-577, October.
    14. T. Johnson, 1998. "Minor League Baseball: Risks And Potential Benefits For Communities Large And Small," Review of Policy Research, Policy Studies Organization, vol. 15(1), pages 45-55, March.
    15. Arthur C. Nelson, 2001. "Prosperity or Blight? A Question of Major League Stadia Locations," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 15(3), pages 255-265, August.
    16. Robert W. Wassmer, 2001. "Metropolitan Prosperity from Major League Sports in the CBD: Stadia Locations or Just Strength of the Central City? A Reply to Arthur C. Nelson," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 15(3), pages 266-271, August.
    17. Dennis Coates & Brad R. Humphreys, 2001. "The Economic Consequences of Professional Sports Strikes and Lockouts," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 67(3), pages 737-747, January.
    18. Nola Agha & Dennis Coates, 2015. "A Compensating Differential Approach To Valuing The Social Benefit Of Minor League Baseball," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 33(2), pages 285-299, April.
    19. Dennis Coates & Brad R. Humphreys, 1999. "The growth effects of sport franchises, stadia, and arenas," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 18(4), pages 601-624.
    20. Victor A. Matheson, 2006. "Is Smaller Better? A Comment on “Comparative Economic Impact Analyses†by Michael Mondello and Patrick Rishe," Economic Development Quarterly, , vol. 20(2), pages 192-195, May.
    21. Robert Baade & Victor Matheson, 2000. "Bidding for the Olympics: Fools Gold?," IASE Conference Papers 0007, International Association of Sports Economists.
    22. Seth R. Gitter & Thomas A. Rhoads, 2014. "Stadium Construction And Minor League Baseball Attendance," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 32(1), pages 144-154, January.
    23. Seth R. Gitter & Thomas A. Rhoads, 2010. "Determinants of Minor League Baseball Attendance," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 11(6), pages 614-628, December.
    24. Nola Agha, 2013. "The Economic Impact of Stadiums and Teams," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 14(3), pages 227-252, June.
    25. Dennis Coates & Craig A. Depken,, 2011. "Mega-Events: Is Baylor Football to Waco What the Super Bowl is to Houston?," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 12(6), pages 599-620, December.
    26. Jason Winfree & Jill McCluskey & Ron Mittelhammer & Rodney Fort, 2004. "Location and attendance in major league baseball," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 36(19), pages 2117-2124.
    27. John C. Leadley & Zenon X. Zygmont, 2005. "When Is the Honeymoon Over? National Basketball Association Attendance 1971-2000," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 6(2), pages 203-221, May.
    28. Victor Matheson & Robert Baade, 2005. "Striking Out? The Economic Impact of Major League Baseball Work Stoppages on Host Communities," Working Papers 0507, College of the Holy Cross, Department of Economics.
    29. Coates, Dennis & Humphreys, Brad R., 2003. "The effect of professional sports on earnings and employment in the services and retail sectors in US cities," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 33(2), pages 175-198, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Dennis Coates & Brad R. Humphreys, 2008. "Do Economists Reach a Conclusion on Subsidies for Sports Franchises, Stadiums, and Mega-Events?," Econ Journal Watch, Econ Journal Watch, vol. 5(3), pages 294-315, September.
    2. Nola Agha, 2013. "The Economic Impact of Stadiums and Teams," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 14(3), pages 227-252, June.
    3. Jesyca Salgado-Barandela & à ngel Barajas & Patricio Sánchez-Fernández, 2021. "Sport-event portfolios: An analysis of their ability to attract revenue from tourism," Tourism Economics, , vol. 27(3), pages 436-454, May.
    4. Philip K. Porter & Daniel M. Chin, 2012. "Economic Impact of Sports Events," Chapters, in: Wolfgang Maennig & Andrew Zimbalist (ed.), International Handbook on the Economics of Mega Sporting Events, chapter 15, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    5. Robert Baade & Robert Baumann & Victor Matheson, 2011. "Big Men on Campus: Estimating the Economic Impact of College Sports on Local Economies," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(3), pages 371-380.
    6. Dennis Coates, 2007. "Stadiums And Arenas: Economic Development Or Economic Redistribution?," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 25(4), pages 565-577, October.
    7. Feddersen, Arne & Maennig, Wolfgang, 2012. "Sectoral labour market effects of the 2006 FIFA World Cup," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 19(6), pages 860-869.
    8. Robert A. Baade & Robert Baumann & Victor A. Matheson, 2008. "Selling the Game: Estimating the Economic Impact of Professional Sports through Taxable Sales," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 74(3), pages 794-810, January.
    9. Florian Hagn & Wolfgang Maennig, 2007. "Labour Market Effects of the 2006 Soccer World Cup in Germany," Working Papers 008, Chair for Economic Policy, University of Hamburg.
    10. Robert Baade & Robert Baumann & Victor Matheson, 2006. "The Economic Consequences of Professional Sports Strikes and Lockouts: Revisited," Working Papers 0609, International Association of Sports Economists;North American Association of Sports Economists.
    11. Robert A Baade & Robert Baumann & Victor A Matheson, 2009. "Rejecting “Conventional” Wisdom: Estimating the Economic Impact of National Political Conventions," Eastern Economic Journal, Palgrave Macmillan;Eastern Economic Association, vol. 35(4), pages 520-530.
    12. Abbiasov, Timur & Sedov, Dmitry, 2023. "Do local businesses benefit from sports facilities? The case of major league sports stadiums and arenas," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    13. Victor Matheson & Kent Grote, 2007. "Gamblers' Love for Variety and Substitution among Lotto Games," Journal of Gambling Business and Economics, University of Buckingham Press, vol. 1(2), pages 85-99, June.
    14. Rui Du & Junfu Zhang, 2022. "Super bowl participation and the local economy: Evidence from the stock market," Growth and Change, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 53(4), pages 1513-1545, December.
    15. Mills, Brian M. & Rosentraub, Mark S., 2013. "Hosting mega-events: A guide to the evaluation of development effects in integrated metropolitan regions," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 238-246.
    16. Dennis Coates & Craig A. Depken, II, 2008. "Do College Football Games Pay for Themselves? The Impact of College Football Games on Local Sales Tax Revenue," Working Papers 0802, International Association of Sports Economists;North American Association of Sports Economists.
    17. Rhodes, M. Taylor, 2013. "Pigskin, Tailgating and Pollution: Estimating the Environmental Impacts of Sporting Events," UNCG Economics Working Papers 13-19, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Economics.
    18. Dennis Coates & Victor Matheson, 2011. "Mega-events and housing costs: raising the rent while raising the roof?," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 46(1), pages 119-137, February.
    19. Robert W. Baumann & Victor A. Matheson, 2017. "Many happy returns? The Pro-Bowl, mega-events, and tourism in Hawaii," Tourism Economics, , vol. 23(4), pages 788-802, June.
    20. Robert A. Baade & Robert W. Baumann & Victor A. Matheson, 2008. "Assessing the Economic Impact of College Football Games on Local Economies," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 9(6), pages 628-643, December.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    economic impact; minor league baseball; MLB; stadiums; efficiency;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L83 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Sports; Gambling; Restaurants; Recreation; Tourism

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:48016. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Joachim Winter (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/vfmunde.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.