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Combining policy making tools for green transition: eco-efficiency benchmarking and club convergence

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  • Halkos, George
  • Bampatsou, Christina
  • Aslanidis, Panagiotis-Stavros

Abstract

This study examines the eco-efficiency performance of green energy transitions in 45 high-emission countries (1995–2022), focusing on convergence in policymaking. Using hybrid window data envelopment analysis (WDEA) models, eco-efficiency was evaluated for non-renewable energy (NRES), renewable energy (RES), and mixed sources. Inputs included capital, labor, and electricity generation; outputs were GDP (desirable) and CO2 and CH4 emissions (undesirable). Efficiency averaged 76.04% (RES), 74.25% (NRES), and 73.61% (mixed). Conditional convergence analysis revealed countries with similar conditions converge to unique steady states, highlighting the need for harmonized energy standards, therefore investments in green technologies can reduce emissions and electricity generation costs.

Suggested Citation

  • Halkos, George & Bampatsou, Christina & Aslanidis, Panagiotis-Stavros, 2025. "Combining policy making tools for green transition: eco-efficiency benchmarking and club convergence," MPRA Paper 123341, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:123341
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    hybrid window DEA; club convergence; imergeclub; logtreg; Log t regression test; energy sectors.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O13 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Agriculture; Natural Resources; Environment; Other Primary Products
    • Q42 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Alternative Energy Sources
    • Q48 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Government Policy
    • Q50 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - General
    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming

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