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'Outside' Intervention in Japanese Companies: Its Determinants and Implications for Mangers

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  • Steven Kaplan
  • Bernadette Minton

Abstract

This paper estimates the determinants of appointments of 'outsiders' -- directors previously employed by banks or other non-financial firms -- to the boards of large (non-financial) Japanese companies. Appointments of both types of 'outsiders' increase with poor stock performance; those of bank outsiders also increase with negative current income. Appointments of bank outsiders are related to firm debt levels; those of corporate outsiders, to shareholder concentration and group affiliation, Both types of outsider appointments appear to be disciplinary -- top executive turnover increase substantially in the same year. Additional evidence on subsequent firm performance suggests that "bank" directors are appointed in financially distressed or contracting firms, while "corporate" directors are appointed in firms with temporary problems.

Suggested Citation

  • Steven Kaplan & Bernadette Minton, 1993. "'Outside' Intervention in Japanese Companies: Its Determinants and Implications for Mangers," NBER Working Papers 4276, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:4276
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Francesco Giavazzi & Marco Battaglini, "undated". "Should we trust banks when they sit on the board of directors?," Working Papers 117, IGIER (Innocenzo Gasparini Institute for Economic Research), Bocconi University.
    2. Randall Morck & Masao Nakamura & Murray Frank, 2001. "Japanese Corporate Governance and Macroeconomic Problems," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Masao Nakamura (ed.), The Japanese Business and Economic System, chapter 12, pages 325-363, Palgrave Macmillan.
    3. Takeo Hoshi & Anil Kashyap & David Scharfstein, 1993. "The Choice Between Public and Private Debt: An Analysis of Post-Deregulation Corporate Financing in Japan," NBER Working Papers 4421, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Kaplan, Steven N, 1994. "Top Executives, Turnover, and Firm Performance in Germany," The Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization, Oxford University Press, vol. 10(1), pages 142-159, April.
    5. Frankel, David M., 1998. "Creative Bargaining," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 23(1), pages 43-53, April.
    6. Mitchell A. Petersen & Raghuram G. Rajan, 1995. "The Effect of Credit Market Competition on Lending Relationships," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 110(2), pages 407-443.

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