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Sicilian Sulphur and Mafia: Resources, Working Conditions and the Practice of Violence

Author

Listed:
  • Ciccarelli, Carlo

    (University of Rome Tor Vergata)

  • Dalmazzo, Alberto

    (University of Siena)

  • Razzolini, Tiziano

    (University of Siena)

Abstract

This paper reconsiders the nexus between the abundance of resources and the origins of Sicilian mafia by exploiting a new set of historical data on the Sicilian sulphur industry in the late 19th century, obtained from official reports of the Royal Corps of Mining Engineers at the municipal level. We find that the impact of local production on mafia was smaller -or nil- in the areas richest in sulphur. We also find that mechanization in the extraction process was associated with lower incidence of mafia. Taken together, our findings suggest that larger lodes encouraged better and more orderly working conditions for the miners, possibly reducing physical and psychic strain and, consequently, inclination to violence.

Suggested Citation

  • Ciccarelli, Carlo & Dalmazzo, Alberto & Razzolini, Tiziano, 2021. "Sicilian Sulphur and Mafia: Resources, Working Conditions and the Practice of Violence," IZA Discussion Papers 14959, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp14959
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    sulphur; working conditions; Mafia;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H75 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations - - - State and Local Government: Health, Education, and Welfare
    • J28 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Safety; Job Satisfaction; Related Public Policy
    • K42 - Law and Economics - - Legal Procedure, the Legal System, and Illegal Behavior - - - Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law

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