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Concentración y penetración foránea en los sectores bancarios latinoamericanos: repercusiones sobre la competencia y el riesgo

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  • Eduardo Levy Yeyati
  • Alejandro Micco

Abstract

(Disponible en idioma inglés únicamente) En los últimos años, los sectores bancarios latinoamericanos han experimentado un acelerado proceso de concentración y penetración foránea, lo cual ha suscitado diversos puntos de vista en cuanto a sus implicaciones para la conducta competitiva de los bancos y para la estabilidad financiera del sistema como un todo. Empleamos una base de datos de balances generales bancarios de ocho países latinoamericanos con abundante información para analizar la evolución de los indicadores de la concentración y la penetración foránea, así como sus efectos sobre la competencia y el riesgo. Hallamos que, aunque la concentración no hizo disminuir la competencia en la actividad bancaria, puede que la penetración foránea sí haya conducido a una disminución de la competitividad del sector bancario. Además, hallamos que la fragilidad del sector bancario parece guardar una relación positiva con la competencia y, por este canal, una relación negativa con la participación extranjera, pese al hecho de que se vincula a los bancos extranjeros que operan en la región con un mayor riesgo de insolvencia, debido a proporciones de endeudamiento más elevadas y rendimientos más inestables.

Suggested Citation

  • Eduardo Levy Yeyati & Alejandro Micco, 2003. "Concentración y penetración foránea en los sectores bancarios latinoamericanos: repercusiones sobre la competencia y el riesgo," Research Department Publications 4354, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    • Handle: RePEc:idb:wpaper:4354
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