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Firm heterogeneity, Rules of Origin and Rules of Cumulation

Author

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  • Pamela Bombarda

    (THEMA - Théorie économique, modélisation et applications - UCP - Université de Cergy Pontoise - Université Paris-Seine - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Elisa Gamberoni

    (Elisa Gamberoni - World Bank)

Abstract

This paper sheds light on the restrictive nature of rules of origin (ROO) and on the role of diagonal cumulation in mitigating the protectionist content of ROO. Empirical evidence suggests that diagonal cumulation has beneficial effects on trade - particularly among spoke countries. We show that these patterns can be reconciled with a theoretical setting where heterogeneous firms buy intermediate inputs from domestic and foreign sources. The model finds that switching from bilateral to diagonal cumulation relaxes the restrictiveness of the ROO and leads the least productive exporters to stop exporting.

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  • Pamela Bombarda & Elisa Gamberoni, 2013. "Firm heterogeneity, Rules of Origin and Rules of Cumulation," Post-Print hal-00874949, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-00874949
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2354.2012.00734.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Cherkashin, Ivan & Demidova, Svetlana & Kee, Hiau Looi & Krishna, Kala, 2015. "Firm heterogeneity and costly trade: A new estimation strategy and policy experiments," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 96(1), pages 18-36.
    2. Michael Fuenfzig & Pietro Maggi & Corine Besseling & Anne Winkel & Michael Flickenschild & Przemysław Kowalski & Katarzyna Sidło & Anna Malinowska & Marek Peda & Christopher Hartwell & Patricia Augier, 2021. "Ex-post Evaluation of the impact of trade chapters of the Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreements with six partners: Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco and Tunisia," Working Papers hal-03435264, HAL.
    3. Tobias Sytsma, 2021. "Rules of origin and trade preference utilization among least developed countries," Contemporary Economic Policy, Western Economic Association International, vol. 39(4), pages 701-718, October.
    4. Chung, Wanyu & Perroni, Carlo, 2020. "Rules of Origin and Market Power," CAGE Online Working Paper Series 504, Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy (CAGE).
    5. Ornelas, Emanuel & Turner, John L., 2024. "The costs and benefits of rules of origin in modern free trade agreements," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    6. Paola Conconi & Manuel García-Santana & Laura Puccio & Roberto Venturini, 2018. "From Final Goods to Inputs: The Protectionist Effect of Rules of Origin," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 108(8), pages 2335-2365, August.
    7. Schüle, Ulrich & Kleisinger, Tatiana, 2016. "The "Spaghetti Bowl": A case study on processing rules of origin and rules of cumulation," UASM Discussion Paper Series 2/2016, University of Applied Sciences Mainz.
    8. Kazunobu Hayakawa, 2023. "Multiple preference regimes and rules of origin," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 159(3), pages 673-696, August.
    9. HAYAKAWA Kazunobu & URATA Shujiro & YOSHIMI Taiyo, 2017. "Choosing Between Multiple Preferential Tariff Schemes: Evidence from Japan's imports," Discussion papers 17002, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    10. Anna Andersson, 2016. "Export Performance and Access to Intermediate Inputs: The Case of Rules of Origin Liberalisation," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 39(8), pages 1048-1079, August.
    11. Teti, Feodora & Felbermayr, Gabriel & Yalcin, Erdal, 2017. "Free Trade Agreements, Customs Unions In Disguise?," VfS Annual Conference 2017 (Vienna): Alternative Structures for Money and Banking 168243, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    12. Bernard Hoekman & Stefano Inama, 2017. "Rules of Origin as Non-Tariff Measures: Towards Greater Regulatory Convergence," RSCAS Working Papers 2017/45, European University Institute.
    13. Kazunobu Hayakawa & Nuttawut Laksanapanyakul & Taiyo Yoshimi, 2021. "Tariff scheme choice," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 157(2), pages 323-346, May.
    14. Bombarda,Pamela & Gamberoni,Elisa, 2019. "Diagonal Cumulation and Sourcing Decisions," Policy Research Working Paper Series 8884, The World Bank.
    15. Gabriel Felbermayr & Feodora Teti & Erdal Yalcin & Gabriel J. Felbermayr, 2018. "On the Profitability of Trade Deflection and the Need for Rules of Origin," CESifo Working Paper Series 6929, CESifo.
    16. Felbermayr, Gabriel & Teti, Feodora & Yalcin, Erdal, 2019. "Rules of origin and the profitability of trade deflection," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).
    17. KONDO Keisuke, 2015. "Input-Output Linkages of Japanese Affiliates in Mexico within NAFTA," Discussion papers 15143, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    18. Sangkyom Kim & Innwon Park & Soonchan Park, 2013. "Trade-creating regime-wide rules of origin: a quantitative analysis," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(11), pages 1056-1061, July.
    19. Kazunobu Hayakawa, 2020. "Production Networks and Utilization of Free Trade Agreements by Japanese Subsidiaries in ASEAN," Public Policy Review, Policy Research Institute, Ministry of Finance Japan, vol. 16(1), pages 121-134, February.
    20. Bernard Hoekman & Dominique Njinkeu, 2017. "Integrating Africa: Some Trade Policy Research Priorities and Challenges," RSCAS Working Papers 2017/43, European University Institute.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Intermediate goods; Rules of origin; Rules of cumulation; Firm heterogeneity; Gravity;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F12 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies; Fragmentation
    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration

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