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Asset Issuance in Over-the-Counter Markets

Author

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  • Zachary Bethune
  • Bruno Sultanum
  • Nicholas Trachter

Abstract

We model asset issuance in over-the-counter markets. Investors buy newly issued assets in a primary market and trade existing assets in a secondary market, where both markets are over the counter. We show that the level of asset issuance and its efficiency depend on how investors split the surplus in secondary market trade. If buyers get most of the surplus in secondary market trade, then sellers do not have incentives to participate in the primary market in order to intermediate assets and the economy has a low level of assets. On the other hand, if sellers get most of the surplus, buyers have strong incentives to participate in the primary market and the economy has a high level of assets. Equilibrium is inefficient for any splitting rule. The result follows from a double-sided hold-up problem in which it is impossible for all investors to take into account the full social value of an asset when trading. We propose a tax/subsidy scheme and show how it restores efficiency. We calibrate our model to match features of the US municipal bond market in order to quantify the effects of the intervention. The intervention leads to large welfare gains and, in response to a financial crisis caused by an aggregate demand shock, makes the crisis less severe and shorter relative to the economy with no intervention.

Suggested Citation

  • Zachary Bethune & Bruno Sultanum & Nicholas Trachter, 2017. "Asset Issuance in Over-the-Counter Markets," Working Paper 17-13, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.
  • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedrwp:17-13
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    Cited by:

    1. Athanasios Geromichalos & Lucas Herrenbrueck & Sukjoon Lee, 2023. "The Strategic Determination of the Supply of Liquid Assets," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 49, pages 1-36, July.
    2. Julian Kozlowski, 2021. "Long-Term Finance and Investment with Frictional Asset Markets," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 13(4), pages 411-448, October.
    3. Arseneau, David M. & Rappoport W., David E. & Vardoulakis, Alexandros P., 2020. "Private and public liquidity provision in over-the-counter markets," Theoretical Economics, Econometric Society, vol. 15(4), November.
    4. Zachary Bethune & Bruno Sultanum & Nicholas Trachter, 2018. "Inefficiency in a Simple Model of Production and Bilateral Trade," Economic Quarterly, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond, issue 3Q, pages 137-151.
    5. Zachary Bethune & Bruno Sultanum & Nicholas Trachter, 2022. "An Information-based Theory of Financial Intermediation," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 89(5), pages 2381-2444.
    6. Benjamin Lester & Pierre-Olivier Weill & Ariel Zetlin-Jones, 2019. "RED Special Issue on Fragmented Financial Markets: An Introduction," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 33, pages 1-3, July.
    7. Pierre-Olivier Weill, 2020. "The search theory of OTC markets," NBER Working Papers 27354, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    8. Athanasios Geromichalos & Lucas Herrenbrueck & Sukjoon Lee, 2023. "The Strategic Determination of the Supply of Liquid Assets," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 49, pages 1-36, July.
    9. Lebeau, Lucie, 2020. "Credit frictions and participation in over-the-counter markets," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Decentralized markets; bilateral trade; asset issuance; liquidity;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D53 - Microeconomics - - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium - - - Financial Markets
    • D82 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Asymmetric and Private Information; Mechanism Design
    • G14 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies; Insider Trading

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