IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/fip/fedkrw/99294.html

Asset Purchases in a Monetary Union with Default and Liquidity Risks

Author

Listed:
  • Huixin Bi
  • Andrew Foerster
  • Nora Traum

Abstract

Using a two-country monetary union framework with financial frictions, we quantify the efficacy of targeted asset purchases, as well as expectations of such programs, in the presence of sovereign default and financial liquidity risks. The risk of default increases with the level of government debt and shifts in investors' perception of fiscal solvency. Liquidity risks increase when the probability of default affects the tightness of credit markets. We calibrate the model to Italy during the 2012 European debt crisis and compare it to key features of the data. We find that changes in investors' perception played a more significant role than increases in government debt in affecting the macroeconomy. When a debt crisis occurs, asset purchases help stabilize both financial markets and the economy. This stabilization effect can occur even if asset purchases are expected but never implemented. Moreover, expectations of potential asset purchases during a crisis alter the level of economic activity in periods when there are no crises.

Suggested Citation

  • Huixin Bi & Andrew Foerster & Nora Traum, 2024. "Asset Purchases in a Monetary Union with Default and Liquidity Risks," Research Working Paper RWP 24-13, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, revised 07 May 2025.
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedkrw:99294
    DOI: 10.18651/RWP2024-13
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.kansascityfed.org/research/research-working-papers/asset-purchases-in-a-monetary-union-with-default-and-liquidity-risks/
    File Function: Full text
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.18651/RWP2024-13?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bi, Huixin, 2012. "Sovereign default risk premia, fiscal limits, and fiscal policy," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 56(3), pages 389-410.
    2. Poutineau, Jean-Christophe & Vermandel, Gauthier, 2015. "Cross-border banking flows spillovers in the Eurozone: Evidence from an estimated DSGE model," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 378-403.
    3. Robert Kollmann, 2013. "Global Banks, Financial Shocks, and International Business Cycles: Evidence from an Estimated Model," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 45(s2), pages 159-195, December.
    4. Devereux, Michael B. & Sutherland, Alan, 2009. "A portfolio model of capital flows to emerging markets," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 89(2), pages 181-193, July.
    5. Sami Alpanda & Serdar Kabaca, 2020. "International Spillovers of Large-Scale Asset Purchases," Journal of the European Economic Association, European Economic Association, vol. 18(1), pages 342-391.
    6. Charles T. Carlstrom & Timothy S. Fuerst & Matthias Paustian, 2017. "Targeting Long Rates in a Model with Segmented Markets," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 9(1), pages 205-242, January.
    7. Gertler, Mark & Karadi, Peter, 2011. "A model of unconventional monetary policy," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 58(1), pages 17-34, January.
    8. Andrew Foerster & Juan F. Rubio‐Ramírez & Daniel F. Waggoner & Tao Zha, 2016. "Perturbation methods for Markov‐switching dynamic stochastic general equilibrium models," Quantitative Economics, Econometric Society, vol. 7(2), pages 637-669, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Bi, Huixin & Traum, Nora, 2023. "Unconventional monetary policy and local fiscal policy," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    2. Auray, Stéphane & Eyquem, Aurélien & Ma, Xiaofei, 2018. "Banks, sovereign risk and unconventional monetary policies," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 153-171.
    3. Kabaca, Serdar & Maas, Renske & Mavromatis, Kostas & Priftis, Romanos, 2023. "Optimal quantitative easing in a monetary union," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    4. Hashmi, Aamir Rafique & Nsafoah, Dennis, 2024. "International spillovers of conventional versus new monetary policy," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    5. Dia, Enzo & VanHoose, David, 2017. "Banking in macroeconomic theory and policy," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 54(PB), pages 149-160.
    6. Karadi, Peter & Nakov, Anton, 2021. "Effectiveness and addictiveness of quantitative easing," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 1096-1117.
    7. Gelfer, Sacha & Gibbs, Christopher G., 2023. "Measuring the effects of large-scale asset purchases: The role of international financial markets and the financial accelerator," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    8. Coimbra, Nuno, 2020. "Sovereigns at risk: A dynamic model of sovereign debt and banking leverage," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 124(C).
    9. Thibaud Cargoet & Jean-Christophe Poutineau, 2018. "Financial Disruption and State Dependant Credit Policy," Post-Print halshs-01683785, HAL.
    10. Batini, Nicoletta & Melina, Giovanni & Villa, Stefania, 2019. "Fiscal buffers, private debt, and recession: The good, the bad and the ugly," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    11. Hristov, Nikolay & Hülsewig, Oliver, 2017. "Unexpected loan losses and bank capital in an estimated DSGE model of the euro area," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 54(PB), pages 161-186.
    12. Gregor Boehl & Gavin Goy & Felix Strobel, 2024. "A Structural Investigation of Quantitative Easing," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 106(4), pages 1028-1044, July.
    13. Beqiraj, Elton & Cao, Qingqing & De Haas, Ralph & Minetti, Raoul, 2025. "Reprint of: Global banking and macroeconomic stability. Liquidity, control, and monitoring," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    14. Mei, Dongzhou & Wang, Jiaxin & Zhang, Mi, 2025. "US monetary policy spillovers, maturity mismatch and Chinese corporate financing premium," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 93(C).
    15. Gianluca Benigno & Andrew Foerster & Christopher Otrok & Alessandro Rebucci, 2025. "Estimating macroeconomic models of financial crises: An endogenous regime‐switching approach," Quantitative Economics, Econometric Society, vol. 16(1), pages 1-47, January.
    16. Federico Lubello, 2024. "From Brown to Green: Climate Transition and Macroprudential Policy Coordination," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-20, October.
    17. Jean-Guillaume Sahuc & Grégory Levieuge, 2020. "Monetary Policy Transmission with Downward Interest Rate Rigidity," Working Papers hal-04159706, HAL.
    18. Foerster, Andrew T., 2015. "Financial crises, unconventional monetary policy exit strategies, and agents׳ expectations," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 191-207.
    19. Kirchner Philipp, 2020. "On Shadow Banking and Financial Frictions in DSGE Modeling," Review of Economics, De Gruyter, vol. 71(2), pages 101-133, August.
    20. Blattner Tobias S. & Swarbrick Jonathan M., 2021. "Monetary Policy and Cross-Border Interbank Market Fragmentation: Lessons from the Crisis," The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics, De Gruyter, vol. 21(1), pages 323-368, January.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies
    • E63 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Comparative or Joint Analysis of Fiscal and Monetary Policy; Stabilization; Treasury Policy
    • F45 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Macroeconomic Issues of Monetary Unions

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:fip:fedkrw:99294. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Kira Lillard (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/frbkcus.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.