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Measuring the procyclicality of impairment accounting regimes: a comparison between IFRS 9 and US GAAP

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  • Buesa, Alejandro
  • Población García, Francisco Javier
  • Tarancón, Javier

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to compare the cyclical behavior of various credit impairment accounting regimes, namely IAS 39, IFRS 9 and US GAAP. We model the impact of credit impairments on the Profit and Loss (P&L) account under all three regimes. Our results suggest that although IFRS 9 is less procyclical than the previous regulation (IAS 39), it is more procyclical than US GAAP because it merely requests to provision the expected loss of one year under Stage 1 (initial category). Instead, since US GAAP prescribes that lifetime expected losses are fully provisioned at inception, the amount of new loans originated is negatively correlated with realized losses. This leads to relatively higher (lower) provisions during the upswing (downswing) phase of the financial cycle. Nevertheless, the lower procyclicality of US GAAP seems to come at cost of a large increase in provisions. JEL Classification: G21, G28, K20

Suggested Citation

  • Buesa, Alejandro & Población García, Francisco Javier & Tarancón, Javier, 2019. "Measuring the procyclicality of impairment accounting regimes: a comparison between IFRS 9 and US GAAP," Working Paper Series 2347, European Central Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:ecb:ecbwps:20192347
    Note: 1845518
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    Cited by:

    1. Morais, Bernardo & Ormazabal, Gaizka & Peydro, J.L. & Roa, Monica & Sarmiento Paipilla, Miguel, 2020. "Forward Looking Loan Provisions : Credit Supply and Risk-Taking," Other publications TiSEM fe99a48f-f94a-41d8-bf3f-3, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    2. Fatouh, Mahmoud & Giansante, Simone, 2023. "The cyclicality of bank credit losses and capital ratios under expected loss model," Bank of England working papers 1013, Bank of England.
    3. Tristan Brouwer & Job Huttenhuis & Ralph ter Hoeven, 2021. "Empirical results for expected credit losses of G-SIBs during COVID-19. The proof of the pudding is in the eating," Maandblad Voor Accountancy en Bedrijfseconomie Articles, Maandblad Voor Accountancy en Bedrijfseconomie, vol. 95(11-12), pages 381-396, December.
    4. Salazar, Yadira & Merello, Paloma & Zorio-Grima, Ana, 2023. "IFRS 9, banking risk and COVID-19: Evidence from Europe," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 56(C).
    5. Germán López‐Espinosa & Gaizka Ormazabal & Yuki Sakasai, 2021. "Switching from Incurred to Expected Loan Loss Provisioning: Early Evidence," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 59(3), pages 757-804, June.
    6. Behn, Markus & Couaillier, Cyril, 2023. "Same same but different: credit risk provisioning under IFRS 9," Working Paper Series 2841, European Central Bank.
    7. Emil Ślązak & Magdalena Skwarzec, 2022. "The effects of IFRS 9 valuation model on cost of risk in commercial banks – the impact of COVID-19," Bank i Kredyt, Narodowy Bank Polski, vol. 53(1), pages 47-78.
    8. Rui Pedro Brito & Pedro Alarcão Judice, 2021. "Efficient credit portfolios under IFRS 9," CeBER Working Papers 2021-07, Centre for Business and Economics Research (CeBER), University of Coimbra.
    9. Oľga Pastiranová & Jiří Witzany, 2021. "Ifrs 9 And It´S Behaviour In The Cycle: The Evidence On The Eu Countries," FFA Working Papers 3.003, Prague University of Economics and Business, revised 02 May 2021.
    10. Lubomira Gertler & Kristina Janovicova-Bognarova & Lukas Majer, 2020. "Explaining Corporate Credit Default Rates with Sector Level Detail," Czech Journal of Economics and Finance (Finance a uver), Charles University Prague, Faculty of Social Sciences, vol. 70(2), pages 96-120, August.
    11. Edgar Löw & Marc Erkelenz, 2022. "Long and Short‐term Investments by European Banks – Trends Since the IASB Published IFRS 9," Australian Accounting Review, CPA Australia, vol. 32(4), pages 440-459, December.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    banking system; cyclicality; provisions; regulation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • K20 - Law and Economics - - Regulation and Business Law - - - General

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