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Lifting the US Crude Oil Export Ban: A Numerical Partial-Equilibrium Analysis

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  • Lissy Langer
  • Daniel Huppmann
  • Franziska Holz

Abstract

The upheaval in global crude oil markets and the boom in oil production from shale plays in North America have brought scrutiny on the export ban for crude oil in the United States. This paper examines the global flows and strategic refinery adjustments in a spatial, game-theoretic partial-equilibrium model. We consider de- tailed supply chain infrastructure with multiple crude oil qualities (supply), distinct oil products (demand), as well as specific refinery configurations and modes of transport (mid-stream). Investments in production capacity and infrastructure are endogenous. We compare two development pathways for the global oil market: one projection retaining the US export ban, and a counterfactual scenario lifting the export restrictions. Lifting the US crude ban, we find significant expansion of US sweet crude exports. In the US refinery sector, more heavy sour crude is imported and transformed. While US producers gain, the profits of US refiners decrease, due to reduced market distortions and a more efficient resource allocation. Countries importing US sweet crude benefit from higher product output, while avoiding costly refinery investments. Producers of heavy sour crude (e.g. the Middle East) are incentivised to climb up the value chain to defend their market share and maintain their dominant position.

Suggested Citation

  • Lissy Langer & Daniel Huppmann & Franziska Holz, 2016. "Lifting the US Crude Oil Export Ban: A Numerical Partial-Equilibrium Analysis," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 1548, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwwpp:dp1548
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    Cited by:

    1. Nida Çakir Melek & Michael Plante & Mine K. Yücel, 2017. "The U.S. Shale Oil Boom, the Oil Export Ban, and the Economy: A General Equilibrium Analysis," NBER Working Papers 23818, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Olufolajimi Oke & Daniel Huppmann & Max Marshall & Ricky Poulton & Sauleh Siddiqui, 2019. "Multimodal Transportation Flows in Energy Networks with an Application to Crude Oil Markets," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 19(2), pages 521-555, June.
    3. Nida Çakır Melek & Michael D. Plante & Mine K. Yücel, 2017. "The U.S. Shale Oil Boom, the Oil Export Ban, and the Economy: A General Equilibrium Analysis Nida," Research Working Paper RWP 17-10, Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City.
    4. Ansari, Dawud, 2017. "OPEC, Saudi Arabia, and the shale revolution: Insights from equilibrium modelling and oil politics," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 111, pages 166-178.
    5. Nida Cakir Melek & Michael Plante & Mine Yucel, 2021. "Resource Booms and the Macroeconomy: The Case of U.S. Shale Oil," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 42, pages 307-332, October.
    6. Durand-Lasserve, Olivier & Pierru, Axel, 2021. "Modeling world oil market questions: An economic perspective," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    7. Olufolajimi Oke & Daniel Huppmann & Max Marshall & Ricky Poulton & Sauleh Siddiqui, 2016. "Mitigating Environmental and Public-Safety Risks of United States Crude-by-Rail Transport," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 1575, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    8. Ansari, Dawud & Holz, Franziska, 2019. "Anticipating global energy, climate and policy in 2055: Constructing qualitative and quantitative narratives," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 58, pages 1-23.
    9. Berk, Istemi & Çam, Eren, 2020. "The shift in global crude oil market structure: A model-based analysis of the period 2013–2017," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C).
    10. Samuel D. Barrows, 2020. "Did the US Shale Oil Revolution Ruin Oil Industry Stock Market Returns?," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 10(4), pages 1-8.
    11. Berk, Istemi & Çam , Eren, 2019. "The Shift in Global Crude Oil Market Structure: A model-based analysis of the period 2013–2017," EWI Working Papers 2019-5, Energiewirtschaftliches Institut an der Universitaet zu Koeln (EWI).
    12. Saad Balhasan & Mohammed Alnahhal & Shahrul Shawan & Bashir Salah & Waqas Saleem & Mosab I. Tabash, 2022. "Optimization of Exploration and Production Sharing Agreements Using the Maxi-Min and Nash Solutions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-19, November.
    13. Oladosu, Gbadebo & Leiby, Paul & Uria-Martinez, Rocio & Bowman, David, 2022. "Sensitivity of the U.S. economy to oil prices controlling for domestic production and imports," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    energy system model; crude oil market; US crude export ban; refining capacity; infrastructure investment;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q41 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Demand and Supply; Prices
    • Q47 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Energy Forecasting
    • Q48 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Government Policy
    • C61 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Optimization Techniques; Programming Models; Dynamic Analysis

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