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Les pôles de compétitivité wallons Quel impact sur les performances économiques des entreprises ? The Walloon competitiveness clusters and their impact on firms’ economic performances?

Author

Listed:
  • Claire Dujardin

    (IWEPS)

  • Virginie Louis

    (iweps)

  • Florian Mayneris

    (UNIVERSITE CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN, Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales (IRES))

Abstract

Cet article étudie l’impact de la politique wallonne des pôles de compétitivité sur les performances économiques des entreprises financées. Sont considérés en particulier les effets sur la productivité, l’emploi et les exportations. L’analyse se base sur des micro-données d’entreprises couvrant l’ensemble des entreprises wallonnes et bruxelloises, pour la période 2003-2011. Nous recourons à des doubles et triples différences et à des méthodes de matching afin de solutionner les biais de sélection et de simultanéité. Les résultats suggèrent que, si la politique a bien sélectionné des entreprises plus performantes, elle n’aurait eu d’impact significatif ni sur la productivité, ni sur la valeur des exportations des entreprises bénéficiaires. Par contre, l’entrée dans le dispositif des pôles coïnciderait avec une légère augmentation de l’emploi des entreprises financées, ainsi qu’avec une diversification de leur portefeuille de produits exportés. This paper analyzes the impact of the Walloon competitiveness clusters policy on the economic performances of firms. We study more particularly the impact on productivity, employment and exports. We use firm-level panel data for all firms in Wallonia and the Brussels-Capital Region, for the period 2003-2011. We use double and triple differences and matching techniques to address selection and simultaneity issues. Results suggest that the policy selected firms that were initially more productive and larger in terms of employment. It seems however that the policy had no effect on productivity, nor on the value of exports. However, their entry into clusters seems to coincide with a slight increase in the number of employees, as well as with an increase in the number of exported products.

Suggested Citation

  • Claire Dujardin & Virginie Louis & Florian Mayneris, 2015. "Les pôles de compétitivité wallons Quel impact sur les performances économiques des entreprises ? The Walloon competitiveness clusters and their impact on firms’ economic performances?," LIDAM Discussion Papers IRES 2015017, Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherches Economiques et Sociales (IRES).
    • Handle: RePEc:ctl:louvir:2015017
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Elisabet Viladecans-Marsal & Josep-Maria Arauzo-Carod, 2012. "Can a knowledge-based cluster be created? The case of the Barcelona 22@ district," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 91(2), pages 377-400, June.
    2. Criscuolo, Chiara & Martin, Ralf & Overman, Henry & Van Reenen, John, 2012. "The Causal Effects of an Industrial Policy," IZA Discussion Papers 6323, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    3. Falck, Oliver & Heblich, Stephan & Kipar, Stefan, 2010. "Industrial innovation: Direct evidence from a cluster-oriented policy," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 40(6), pages 574-582, November.
    4. Lionel Fontagné & Pamina Koenig & Florian Mayneris & Sandra Poncet, 2013. "Cluster Policies And Firm Selection: Evidence From France," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 53(5), pages 897-922, December.
    5. Becker, Sascha O. & Egger, Peter H. & von Ehrlich, Maximilian, 2010. "Going NUTS: The effect of EU Structural Funds on regional performance," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 94(9-10), pages 578-590, October.
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    7. Ken Warwick & Alistair Nolan, 2014. "Evaluation of Industrial Policy: Methodological Issues and Policy Lessons," OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers 16, OECD Publishing.
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    Cited by:

    1. Modou Mar & Nadine Massard, 2021. "Animate the cluster or subsidize collaborative R&D? A multiple overlapping treatments approach to assess the impacts of the French cluster policy [The impact of R&D subsidies on R&D employment comp," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press and the Associazione ICC, vol. 30(4), pages 845-867.
    2. Corinne Autant-Bernard & Ruben Fotso & Nadine Massard, 2022. "Evaluating the impact of public policies on large firms: a synthetic control approach to science-industry transfer policies," Revue d'économie industrielle, De Boeck Université, vol. 0(4), pages 9-50.
    3. Ruben Fotso, 2020. "Evaluation of indirect effects of place-based science-industry transfer policies: Case of French Technological Research Institutes," Working Papers halshs-02998262, HAL.
    4. Ruben Fotso, 2020. "Evaluation of the effectiveness of technological platforms as a technology transfer tool: the impact of French Technological Research Institutes on the socio-economic performance of SMEs," Working Papers halshs-02998309, HAL.
    5. Ruben Fotso, 2020. "Evaluation of the effectiveness of technological platforms as a technology transfer tool: the impact of French Technological Research Institutes on the socio-economic performance of SMEs," Working Papers 2032, Groupe d'Analyse et de Théorie Economique Lyon St-Étienne (GATE Lyon St-Étienne), Université de Lyon.
    6. Ruben Fotso, 2020. "Evaluation of indirect effects of place-based science-industry transfer policies: Case of French Technological Research Institutes," Working Papers 2031, Groupe d'Analyse et de Théorie Economique Lyon St-Étienne (GATE Lyon St-Étienne), Université de Lyon.
    7. Ruben Fotso, 2022. "Evaluating the indirect effects of cluster-based innovation policies: the case of the Technological Research Institutes in France," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 47(4), pages 1070-1114, August.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Clusters; productivité; emploi; exportations; évaluation; Clusters; productivity; employment; exports; evaluation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C23 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • R10 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - General
    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes
    • R58 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Regional Government Analysis - - - Regional Development Planning and Policy

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