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Traspaso de la tasa de cambio a la inflación básica en Colombia: un análisis de parámetros cambiantes en el tiempo

Author

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  • Hernán Rincón-Castro
  • Pedro Rubiano-López
  • Lisseth Yaya-Garzón
  • Héctor M. Zárate-Solano

Abstract

Cuánto de las variaciones de la tasa de cambio se traspasa a la inflación es una pregunta de principal interés para la autoridad monetaria, los inversionistas, el sector real y el mismo gobierno. Este documento estima el grado de traspaso de choques de la tasa de cambio del peso sobre la inflación básica en Colombia para cuatro momentos cambiarios críticos que enfrentó la economía: crisis internacional de las dot.com (2002), profundización de la crisis financiera internacional ante la quiebra de Lehman-Brothers (2008), colapso del precio internacional del petróleo (2014) y explosión mundial de la pandemia de la Covid-19 (2020). Para lograr el objetivo se utiliza información trimestral del período 2000 a 2020 y un modelo de vectores autorregresivos con parámetros cambiantes estimado por métodos Bayesianos. Los resultados indican que, primero, el grado de traspaso del choque cambiario a la inflación depende del choque y del tiempo. Segundo, un choque de 1% de la tasa de cambio del peso tuvo un traspaso máximo de 0,05% a la inflación básica en la destorcida del precio internacional del petróleo de 2014, de 0,03% en la crisis de las dot.com, de 0,02% en la quiebra de Lehman-Brothers y de 0,01% en el estallido de la pandemia del COVID-19. **** ABSTRACT: How much of the changes in the exchange rate is passed through to inflation is a question of main interest to the monetary authority, investors, the real sector, and the government itself. This document estimates the degree of pass-through of shocks from the peso exchange rate to core inflation in Colombia for four critical exchange moments faced by the economy: the international dot.com crisis (2002), the deepening of the international financial crisis in the face of the Lehman-Brothers bankruptcy (2008), the international oil price collapse (2014) and the global explosion of the Covid-19 pandemic (2020). To achieve the objective, quarterly information from the period 2000 to 2020 and Bayesian estimates of an autoregressive vector model with changing parameters are used. The results indicate, first, that the degree of pass-through from the exchange shock to inflation depends on the shock and changes over time. Second, a 1% shock to the peso exchange rate passed through 0.05% to core inflation in the detorsion of the international oil price of 2014, 0.03% in the dot.com crisis, 0,02% in the bankruptcy of Lehman-Brothers and 0.01% in the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Suggested Citation

  • Hernán Rincón-Castro & Pedro Rubiano-López & Lisseth Yaya-Garzón & Héctor M. Zárate-Solano, 2021. "Traspaso de la tasa de cambio a la inflación básica en Colombia: un análisis de parámetros cambiantes en el tiempo," Borradores de Economia 1177, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
  • Handle: RePEc:bdr:borrec:1177
    DOI: 10.32468/be.1177
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Choque de la tasa de cambio del peso; inflación básica; grado de traspaso o pass-through; modelo TPV-VAR-SV; Shock to the exchange rate of the peso; core inflation; degree of pass-through; TPV-VAR-SV model.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C15 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Statistical Simulation Methods: General
    • C52 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Evaluation, Validation, and Selection
    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • F31 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Exchange

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