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Working Paper 292 - Chaines de valeur et Transformation structurelle soutenable

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Depuis une quinzaine d’années, la diversification et la sophistication des exportations se sont imposées comme les deux indicateurs permettant de mesurer et de qualifier le processus de transformation structurelle. Ainsi, alors que les pionniers de l’économie du développement s’attachaient à décrire les transformations de la structure productive, les travaux contemporains se concentrent sur les modifications du panier d’exportation. Une telle approche, dans le contexte actuel de fragmentation mondiale des productions, est problématique. Avec l’amplification de cette fragmentation, il y a eu un basculement des échanges de produits dits « trade in goods » vers les échanges de tâches dits « trade in tasks ». Dans le cadre d’échanges de tâches, le lien entre le contenu en technologie des exportations et celui des activités de production est rompu. Dans cet article nous proposons d’une part de détailler les nouveaux enjeux qu’implique ce contexte mondial pour l’étude de la transformation structurelle et nous proposons, d’autre part, de réviser la définition opérationnelle de la transformation productive afin que ces derniers soient pris en considération. Nous définissons alors une transformation structurelle « soutenable » qui est le résultat de modifications profondes de l’économie et qui entraîne un cercle vertueux de transformation.

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  • Lectard Pauline, 2017. "Working Paper 292 - Chaines de valeur et Transformation structurelle soutenable," Working Paper Series 2402, African Development Bank.
  • Handle: RePEc:adb:adbwps:2402
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