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The comparative advantage of public ownership: evidence from U.S. electric utilities

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  • John E. Kwoka

Abstract

. Studies of the performance effects of public vs private ownership have found mixed evidence. This paper draws on theory suggesting that public enterprise may have an advantage in producing goods and services whose quality attributes are difficult to specify a priori. Using a comprehensive data set of U.S. electric utilities to estimate cost functions, we find that while privately owned systems achieve lower costs in generation, public systems generally have an advantage in the end‐user‐oriented distribution function with its more non‐contractible quality attributes. Other evidence on quality differences by ownership type and by enterprise size supports this distinction. JEL classification: L33, L94 L’avantage comparatif de la propriété publique : résultats pour la production d’électricité auxEtats‐Unis. Les études de la performance des entreprises publiques et privées ont produit des résultats qui ne sont pas déterminants. Ce mémoire se fonde sur la théorie qui suggère que l’entreprise publique peut avoir un avantage dans la production de biens et services dont la qualité est difficile à définir a priori. A partir de données extensives sur les producteurs d’électricité aux Etats‐Unis, on définit des fonctions de coûts. Il appert que, quand ils sont entre des mains privées, les systèmes de production réussissent à obtenir des coûts de génération plus bas; d’autre part, les systèmes publics ont un avantage pour ce qui est de la fonction de distribution orientée vers les besoins de l’usager à cause des attributs de qualité plus difficiles à contractualiser. D’autres résultats quant aux différences de qualité par types de propriété et par tailles d’entreprises viennent confirmer l’importance de cette distinction.

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  • John E. Kwoka, 2005. "The comparative advantage of public ownership: evidence from U.S. electric utilities," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 38(2), pages 622-640, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:38:y:2005:i:2:p:622-640
    DOI: 10.1111/j.0008-4085.2005.00296.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Carley, Sanya, 2009. "Distributed generation: An empirical analysis of primary motivators," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(5), pages 1648-1659, May.
    2. P.W.J. de Bijl & Helanya Fourie, 2019. "The energy transition: Does ownership matter for realizing public interest objectives?," Working Papers 19-24, Utrecht School of Economics.
    3. repec:ebl:ecbull:v:6:y:2008:i:37:p:1-7 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Stiel, Caroline & Cullmann, Astrid & Nieswand, Maria, 2018. "Do Private Utilities Outperform Local Government-Owned Utilities? Evidence from German Retail Electricity," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 19(4), pages 401-425.
    5. Ngo Van Long & Frank Stähler, 2009. "Trade policy and mixed enterprises," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 42(2), pages 590-614, May.
    6. Bonnie Wylie Pratt & Jon D. Erickson & Jane Kolodinsky & Erik Monsen & William J. Wales, 2022. "Shades of Green: Modelling Differences in Thought and Action among Electric Utility Regime Actors in the Energy System Transition," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-17, October.
    7. Stähler, Frank & Traub, Stefan, 2009. "Privatization and liberalization in vertically linked markets," TranState Working Papers 95, University of Bremen, Collaborative Research Center 597: Transformations of the State.
    8. Astrid Cullmann & Maria Nieswand & Julia Rechlitz, 2017. "Productive Efficiency and Ownership When Market Restructuring Affects Production Technologies," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 1641, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    9. Mirza, Faisal Mehmood & Rizvi, Syed Badar-Ul-Husnain & Bergland, Olvar, 2021. "Service quality, technical efficiency and total factor productivity growth in Pakistan's post-reform electricity distribution companies," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    10. Summanen, Tuomo & Arminen, Heli, 2018. "Ownership unbundling in electricity distribution: The Russian experience," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 1199-1210.
    11. Pedrini, Giulio & Cappiello, Giuseppe, 2022. "The impact of training on labour productivity in the European utilities sector: An empirical analysis," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    12. Fremeth, Adam R. & Holburn, Guy L.F., 2020. "The impact of political directors on corporate strategy for government-owned utilities: Evidence from Ontario's electricity distribution sector," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    13. Mark A. Moore & Aidan R. Vining, 2023. "PPP performance evaluation: the social welfare goal, principal–agent theory and political economy," Policy Sciences, Springer;Society of Policy Sciences, vol. 56(2), pages 267-299, June.
    14. Lehto, Eero, 2011. "Electricity prices in the Finnish retail market," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(4), pages 2179-2192, April.
    15. Yakovlev, Andrei, 2008. "State-business relations and improvement of corporate governance in Russia," BOFIT Discussion Papers 26/2008, Bank of Finland Institute for Emerging Economies (BOFIT).
    16. Fumagalli, Elena & Garrone, Paola & Grilli, Luca, 2007. "Service quality in the electricity industry: The role of privatization and managerial behavior," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(12), pages 6212-6224, December.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • L33 - Industrial Organization - - Nonprofit Organizations and Public Enterprise - - - Comparison of Public and Private Enterprise and Nonprofit Institutions; Privatization; Contracting Out
    • L94 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities - - - Electric Utilities

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