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The Impact of Gender Quotas on Votes for Women Candidates: Evidence from Italy

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  • Genny Bonomi
  • Giorgio Brosio
  • Maria Laura Di Tommaso

Abstract

To explore the impact of quotas on women's political representation, this study estimates a conditional multinomial logit for the probability of voting for men and women, utilizing data that includes all regional candidates in four Italian regions in 1995 and 2000. This regional electoral system allows voters to choose both the party and the specific candidate (open-list proportional system). The results show that the introduction of a 50 percent gender quota in candidate lists leads to a substantial increase in the probability that voters will choose women candidates, from 12 to 36 percent. Nevertheless, the probability of voting for women (36 percent) is lower than the probability for men (64 percent). Voters have a male bias in Italy. Both the district size and the political party have an effect on the probability of voting for women versus men. The more liberal the party is, the higher the probability that women receive votes.

Suggested Citation

  • Genny Bonomi & Giorgio Brosio & Maria Laura Di Tommaso, 2013. "The Impact of Gender Quotas on Votes for Women Candidates: Evidence from Italy," Feminist Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(4), pages 48-75, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:femeco:v:19:y:2013:i:4:p:48-75
    DOI: 10.1080/13545701.2013.825375
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    1. World Bank, 2012. "World Development Report 2012 [Rapport sur le développement dans le monde 2012]," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 4391.
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    Cited by:

    1. Gil S. Epstein & Odelia Heizler, 2018. "Minorities and Political Success," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 38(1), pages 657-671.
    2. Barbara Pistoresi & Erica Poma & Alberto Rinaldi, 2022. "Gender quota on corporate boards in Italy: spillover effects and financial performance," Department of Economics 0208, University of Modena and Reggio E., Faculty of Economics "Marco Biagi".
    3. Lone Engbo Christiansen & Ms. Huidan Huidan Lin & Ms. Joana Pereira & Petia Topalova & Ms. Rima A Turk, 2016. "Individual Choice or Policies? Drivers of Female Employment in Europe," IMF Working Papers 2016/049, International Monetary Fund.
    4. Eiji Yamamura, 2021. "Granddaughter and voting for a female candidate," Papers 2102.13464, arXiv.org.
    5. Sasiwimon W. Paweenawat, 2018. "The gender-corruption nexus in Asia," Asian-Pacific Economic Literature, The Crawford School, The Australian National University, vol. 32(1), pages 18-28, May.
    6. Eiji Yamamura, 2021. "Female teachers effect on male pupils' voting behavior and preference formation," Papers 2101.08487, arXiv.org.
    7. Migheli, Matteo, 2022. "Lost in election. How different electoral systems translate the voting gender gap into gender representation bias," International Review of Law and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).

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