IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/spr/izalpo/v5y2016i1p1-2310.1186-s40173-016-0063-z.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Effects of increased elderly employment on other workers’ employment and elderly’s earnings in Japan

Author

Listed:
  • Ayako Kondo

Abstract

This paper examines the effect of increased elderly employment in Japan, caused by the legal obligation of continued employment enacted in 2006, on employment of other workers and elderly’s own earnings. I find no evidence for substitution between young full-time workers and elderly workers, while there might be a modest crowd out of middle-aged female part-time workers. I also find a substantial decline in earnings of baby boomers, who reached age 60 after 2006, in their early sixties. These results suggest that firms primarily cut wages of elderly workers, and some firms reduced the number of female part-time workers. JEL code: J26 Copyright Kondo. 2016

Suggested Citation

  • Ayako Kondo, 2016. "Effects of increased elderly employment on other workers’ employment and elderly’s earnings in Japan," IZA Journal of Labor Policy, Springer;Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 5(1), pages 1-23, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:izalpo:v:5:y:2016:i:1:p:1-23:10.1186/s40173-016-0063-z
    DOI: 10.1186/s40173-016-0063-z
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1186/s40173-016-0063-z
    Download Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1186/s40173-016-0063-z?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to look for a different version below or search for a different version of it.

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jonathan Gruber & David A. Wise, 2010. "Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World: The Relationship to Youth Employment," NBER Books, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc, number grub08-1.
    2. Ariga, Kenn & Kambayashi, Ryo, 2010. "Employment and wage adjustments at firms under distress in Japan: An analysis based upon a survey," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 24(2), pages 213-235, June.
    3. Takashi Oshio & Satoshi Shimizutani & Akiko Sato Oishi, 2010. "Does Social Security Induce Withdrawal of the Old from the Labor Force and Create Jobs for the Young? The Case of Japan," NBER Chapters, in: Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World: The Relationship to Youth Employment, pages 217-241, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Zhang, Chuanchuan, 2012. "The relationship between elderly employment and youth employment: evidence from China," MPRA Paper 37221, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Junya Hamaaki & Masahiro Hori & Saeko Maeda & Keiko Murata, 2012. "Changes in the Japanese Employment System in the Two Lost Decades," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 65(4), pages 810-846, October.
    6. Rene Boheim & Thomas Nice, 2019. "The effect of early retirement schemes on youth employment," IZA World of Labor, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), pages 1-70, October.
    7. Daiji Kawaguchi & Fumio Ohtake, 2007. "Testing the Morale Theory of Nominal Wage Rigidity," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 61(1), pages 59-74, October.
    8. Jonathan Gruber & Kevin Milligan & David A. Wise, 2010. "Introduction and Summary," NBER Chapters, in: Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World: The Relationship to Youth Employment, pages 1-45, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    9. Ayako Kondo & Hitoshi Shigeoka, 2013. "The Effectiveness of Government Intervention to Promote Elderly Employment: Evidence from Elderly Employment Stabilization Law," Working Papers e061, Tokyo Center for Economic Research.
    10. Martins, Pedro S. & Novo, Alvaro A. & Portugal, Pedro, 2009. "Increasing the Legal Retirement Age: The Impact on Wages, Worker Flows and Firm Performance," IZA Discussion Papers 4187, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Rene Boheim & Thomas Nice, 2019. "The effect of early retirement schemes on youth employment," IZA World of Labor, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), pages 1-70, October.
    2. Teruyama, Hiroshi & Goto, Yasuo & Lechevalier, Sebastien, 2018. "Firm-level labor demand for and macroeconomic increases in non-regular workers in Japan," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 90-105.
    3. Yokoyama, Izumi & Kodama, Naomi & Higuchi, Yoshio, 2019. "Inequality through wage response to the business cycle–Evidence from the FFL decomposition method," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 87-98.
    4. KAWATA Yuji & OWAN Hideo, 2020. "Peer Effects on Job Satisfaction from Exposure to Elderly Workers," Discussion papers 20084, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    5. Ignacio APELLA, 2024. "The fallacy of the lump of labour theory: Evidence for Latin America," International Labour Review, International Labour Organization, vol. 163(1), pages 49-71, March.
    6. Inoue, Toshikatsu, 2022. "The effect of aging on the age–wage profile in Japan," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    7. Nishimura, Yoshinori, 2016. "Did Government Intervention on Firm’s Employment Policies Have an Effect on the Employment of Elderly Workers?," MPRA Paper 73444, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Bertoni, Marco & Brunello, Giorgio, 2017. "Does Delayed Retirement Affect Youth Employment? Evidence from Italian Local Labour Markets," IZA Discussion Papers 10733, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    9. Kawata, Yuji & Owan, Hideo, 2022. "Peer effects on job satisfaction from exposure to elderly workers," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Рубинштейн Александр Яковлевич, "undated". "Рациональность & Иррациональность: Эволюция Смыслов [Rationality & Irrationality: Evolution of the Senses]," Working papers a:pru175:ye:2017:1, Institute of Economics.
    2. Lee, Sang-Hyop & Ogawa, Naohiro & Matsukura, Rikiya, 2016. "Japan’s pension reform, labor market responses, and savings," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, vol. 8(C), pages 67-75.
    3. Lyashok, V. & Roshchin, S., 2017. "Young and Older Workers in the Russian Labor Market: Are They Competitors?," Journal of the New Economic Association, New Economic Association, vol. 33(1), pages 117-140.
    4. Shimizutani, Satoshi, 2011. "A new anatomy of the retirement process in Japan," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 23(3), pages 141-152.
    5. Werner Eichhorst & Tito Boeri & An De Coen & Vincenzo Galasso & Michael Kendzia & Nadia Steiber, 2014. "How to combine the entry of young people in the labour market with the retention of older workers?," IZA Journal of European Labor Studies, Springer;Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 3(1), pages 1-23, December.
    6. Satoshi Shimizutani & Takashi Oshio, 2016. "Public Pension Benefits Claiming Behaviour: new Evidence from the Japanese Study on Ageing and Retirement," The Japanese Economic Review, Springer, vol. 67(3), pages 235-256, September.
    7. Sachiko Kuroda & Isamu Yamamoto, 2014. "Is Downward Wage Flexibility the Primary Factor of Japan's Prolonged Deflation?," Asian Economic Policy Review, Japan Center for Economic Research, vol. 9(1), pages 143-158, January.
    8. Takashi Oshio & Satoshi Shimizutani, 2012. "Disability Pension Program and Labor Force Participation in Japan: An Historical Perspective," NBER Chapters, in: Social Security Programs and Retirement around the World: Historical Trends in Mortality and Health, Employment, and Disability Insurance Participatio, pages 391-417, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    9. repec:hal:wpaper:hal-00930936 is not listed on IDEAS
    10. Wijayanti, F., 2018. "Younger vs. older workers in ASEAN countries: substitutes or complements?," R-Economy, Ural Federal University, Graduate School of Economics and Management, vol. 4(4), pages 151-157.
    11. Tsunao Okumura & Emiko Usui, 2014. "The effect of pension reform on pension-benefit expectations and savings decisions in Japan," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(14), pages 1677-1691, May.
    12. Zhen Hu & James Yang, 2021. "Does Delayed Retirement Crowd Out Workforce Welfare? Evidence in China," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(4), pages 21582440211, November.
    13. Satoshi Shimizutani & Takashi Oshio & Mayu Fujii, 2014. "Option Value of Work, Health Status, and Retirement Decisions in Japan: Evidence from the Japanese Study on Aging and Retirement (JSTAR)," NBER Chapters, in: Social Security Programs and Retirement Around the World: Disability Insurance Programs and Retirement, pages 497-535, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    14. Shimizutani, Satoshi & 清水谷, 諭 & Fujii, Mayu & 藤井, 麻由 & Oshio, Takashi & 小塩, 隆士, 2012. "Option Value of Work, Health Status, and Retirement Decisions: New Evidence from the Japanese Study on Aging and Retirement (JSTAR)," CIS Discussion paper series 566, Center for Intergenerational Studies, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University.
    15. Esteban-Pretel, Julen & Tanaka, Ryuichi & Meng, Xiangcai, 2017. "Changes in Japan’s labor market during the Lost Decade and the role of demographics," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 19-37.
    16. Rene Boheim & Thomas Nice, 2019. "The effect of early retirement schemes on youth employment," IZA World of Labor, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), pages 1-70, October.
    17. Shimizutani, Satoshi & Oshio, Takashi, 2013. "Revisiting the labor supply effect of social security earnings test: New evidence from its elimination and reinstatement in Japan," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 99-111.
    18. Haiyue Yu & Jin Cao & Shulong Kang, 2018. "Fertility Cost, Intergenerational Labor Division, and Female Employment," CESifo Working Paper Series 7293, CESifo.
    19. Ayako KONDO, 2017. "Does Promoting Elderly Employment Hurt Young Japanese Workers? [‘Koyō no ba ni okeru jakunen-sha to kōrei-sha’ (Young and old in places of employment)]," Social Science Japan Journal, University of Tokyo and Oxford University Press, vol. 20(2), pages 279-285.
    20. Taiwo, Kayode, 2024. "Teachers’ Retirement Age Act: Tenure and Teacher Quality in Nigeria," MPRA Paper 121931, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    21. Nathalie Mathieu-Bolh & Xavier Pautrel, 2014. "Environmental taxation, health and the life-cycle," Working Papers hal-00990256, HAL.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Elderly employment; Youth employment;

    JEL classification:

    • J26 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Retirement; Retirement Policies

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:spr:izalpo:v:5:y:2016:i:1:p:1-23:10.1186/s40173-016-0063-z. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.springer.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.