IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/rbs/ijbrss/v9y2020i4p426-436.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Financial system, trade concentration and economic growth in West African Monetary Zone (WAMZ)

Author

Listed:
  • Nenubari Ikue John

    (University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria)

  • Ifeanyichukwu Lucky Amabuike

    (Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nigeria)

  • Joseph Ade Ajaba

    (Ignatus Ajuru University of Education, Nigeria)

  • John Akin Sodipo

    (Central Bank of Nigeria, Nigeria)

  • Linus Bamekpari Enegesi

    (Central Bank of Nigeria, Nigeria)

Abstract

It is observed that despite the legislative endorsement of the West Africa Countries there is still a glaring divergence in economic structures, which impedes the performance to realize macroeconomic convergence and economic growth within the region. This paper investigated the effects of trade and financial indexes in WAMZ on economic growth. The paper uses three variables and a host of control measures to focus on six countries of WAMZ covering the periods of 2001-2018. Given the heterogeneous nature of the information gathered for the study, the models are cast in static and dynamic panel frameworks that provided micro-structure for the combined data analysis. The models were tested with various econometric and statistical instruments. Results from the analysis show that exported trade is highly concentrated to fewer goods, while imported trade is concentrated on more products and partners; that is, countries in WAMZ tend to shadow liberal import policy. The weak link was also noticed among financial and trade indexes and economic growth in the WAMZ economies. The implications call for short term economic plans and policies in the WAMZ economies so as to collectively monitor economic policies and growth. We equally observed that the structures of the economies in the region are heterogeneous making it rather difficult for regional trade and financial indicators to accelerate output growth in the region. Thus our basic postulations are an inter-policy approach on social, political and economic (trade and finance) arrangements that would neutralize the heterogeneity and foster institutional and attitudinal reforms, eliminate insecurity challenges, and spur political stability and responsible leadership within the regions. Key Words: Demand-Lending Hypothesis, Import/Export Concentration and Financial-Deepening

Suggested Citation

  • Nenubari Ikue John & Ifeanyichukwu Lucky Amabuike & Joseph Ade Ajaba & John Akin Sodipo & Linus Bamekpari Enegesi, 2020. "Financial system, trade concentration and economic growth in West African Monetary Zone (WAMZ)," International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478), Center for the Strategic Studies in Business and Finance, vol. 9(4), pages 426-436, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:rbs:ijbrss:v:9:y:2020:i:4:p:426-436
    DOI: 10.20525/ijrbs.v9i4.770
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.ssbfnet.com/ojs/index.php/ijrbs/article/view/770/618
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v9i4.770
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.20525/ijrbs.v9i4.770?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Giuseppe Bertola, 2010. "Inequality, integration, and policy: issues and evidence from EMU," The Journal of Economic Inequality, Springer;Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, vol. 8(3), pages 345-365, September.
    2. Schönfelder, Nina & Wagner, Helmut, 2015. "The impact of European integration on institutional development," MPRA Paper 63392, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Arellano, Manuel & Bover, Olympia, 1995. "Another look at the instrumental variable estimation of error-components models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 68(1), pages 29-51, July.
    4. Gehringer, Agnieszka, 2013. "Growth, productivity and capital accumulation: The effects of financial liberalization in the case of European integration," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 291-309.
    5. Scott L. Baier & Jeffrey H. Bergstrand & Peter Egger & Patrick A. McLaughlin, 2008. "Do Economic Integration Agreements Actually Work? Issues in Understanding the Causes and Consequences of the Growth of Regionalism," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(4), pages 461-497, April.
    6. Mevel, Simon & Moll de Alba, Jaime & Oulmane, Nassim, 2016. "Optimal Regional Trade-Integration Schemes in North Africa : Toward a Pro-Industrialization Policy," Journal of Economic Integration, Center for Economic Integration, Sejong University, vol. 31(3), pages 569-608.
    7. Ehigiamusoe, Kizito Uyi & Lean, Hooi Hooi, 2019. "Do economic and financial integration stimulate economic growth? A critical survey," Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal (2007-2020), Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel), vol. 13, pages 1-27.
    8. Soete, Sophie & Van Hove, Jan, 2017. "Dissecting the Trade Effects of Europe’s Economic Integration Agreements," Journal of Economic Integration, Center for Economic Integration, Sejong University, vol. 32(1), pages 193-243.
    9. Janus, Thorsten & Riera-Crichton, Daniel, 2015. "Real Exchange Rate Volatility, Economic Growth and the Euro," Journal of Economic Integration, Center for Economic Integration, Sejong University, vol. 30, pages 148-172.
    10. Klofat, Aleksandra, 2017. "Corporate Tax Rates and Regional Integration : Evidence from Transition Countries," Journal of Economic Integration, Center for Economic Integration, Sejong University, vol. 32(1), pages 01-34.
    11. Masten, Arjana Brezigar & Coricelli, Fabrizio & Masten, Igor, 2008. "Non-linear growth effects of financial development: Does financial integration matter?," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 27(2), pages 295-313, March.
    12. Coulibaly, Issiaka & Gnimassoun, Blaise, 2013. "Optimality of a monetary union: New evidence from exchange rate misalignments in West Africa," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 463-482.
    13. Alemayehu Geda & Haile Kebret, 2008. "Regional Economic Integration in Africa: A Review of Problems and Prospects with a Case Study of COMESA," Journal of African Economies, Centre for the Study of African Economies, vol. 17(3), pages 357-394, June.
    14. Li, Yarui & Woodard, Joshua D. & Leatham, David J., 2013. "Causality among Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth: A Directed Acyclic Graph Approach," Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Southern Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 45(4), pages 1-20, November.
    15. Nenubari Ikue John & Emeka Nkoro, 2019. "Dynamics of capital adequacy and profitability of internationalized deposit money banks in Nigeria," International Journal of Business Ecosystem & Strategy (2687-2293), Bussecon International Academy, vol. 1(4), pages 01-08, October.
    16. Beata Smarzynska Javorcik, 2004. "Does Foreign Direct Investment Increase the Productivity of Domestic Firms? In Search of Spillovers Through Backward Linkages," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 94(3), pages 605-627, June.
    17. Henrekson, Magnus & Torstensson, Johan & Torstensson, Rasha, 1997. "Growth effects of European integration," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 41(8), pages 1537-1557, August.
    18. Maurizio Conti, 2014. "The introduction of the euro and economic growth: Some panel data evidence," Journal of Applied Economics, Universidad del CEMA, vol. 17, pages 199-212, November.
    19. Kalaitzoglou, Iordanis & Durgheu, Beatrice, 2016. "Financial and Economic Growth in Europe : Is the Euro Beneficial for All Countries?," Journal of Economic Integration, Center for Economic Integration, Sejong University, vol. 31(2), pages 414-471.
    20. Gehringer, Agnieszka, 2015. "Uneven effects of financial liberalization on productivity growth in the EU: Evidence from a dynamic panel investigation," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 334-346.
    21. Basil Jones, 2002. "Economic Integration and Convergence of Per Capita Income in West Africa," African Development Review, African Development Bank, vol. 14(1), pages 18-47.
    22. Rajan, Raghuram G. & Zingales, Luigi, 2003. "The great reversals: the politics of financial development in the twentieth century," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(1), pages 5-50, July.
    23. Giovanni Andrea Cornia, 2011. "Economic Integration, Inequality and Growth: Latin America Versus the European Economies in Transition," Review of Economics and Institutions, Università di Perugia, vol. 2(2).
    24. König, Jörg, 2015. "European Integration and the Effects of Country Size on Growth," Journal of Economic Integration, Center for Economic Integration, Sejong University, vol. 30(3), pages 501-531.
    25. Iordanis Kalaitzoglou & Beatrice Durgheu, 2016. "Financial growth and Economic Growth in Europe : Is the Euro Beneficial for All Countries?," Post-Print hal-00859252, HAL.
    26. Jesus Crespo Cuaresma & Maria Antoinette Dimitz & Doris Ritzberger-Grünwald, 2002. "Growth, Convergence and EU Membership," Working Papers 62, Oesterreichische Nationalbank (Austrian Central Bank).
    27. Chung‐Hua Shen & Chien‐Chiang Lee & Chi‐Chuan Lee, 2010. "What Makes International Capital Flows Promote Economic Growth? An International Cross‐Country Analysis," Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Scottish Economic Society, vol. 57(5), pages 515-546, November.
    28. Manuel Arellano & Stephen Bond, 1991. "Some Tests of Specification for Panel Data: Monte Carlo Evidence and an Application to Employment Equations," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 58(2), pages 277-297.
    29. Moritz Schularick & Thomas M Steger, 2010. "Financial Integration, Investment, and Economic Growth: Evidence from Two Eras of Financial Globalization," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 92(4), pages 756-768, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Joseph Osaro Denwi & Nenubari John Ikue & Joseph Jite Onodjaefe & Mtomabari Simeon, 2022. "Trade Liberalization Policy and Economic Growth in Africa: A Threshold Analysis," International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478), Center for the Strategic Studies in Business and Finance, vol. 11(7), pages 178-188, October.
    2. Ming Qi & Jing Xu & Nnenna Bridget Amuji & Shumingrui Wang & Fengqian Xu & Huan Zhou, 2022. "The Nexus among Energy Consumption, Economic Growth and Trade Openness: Evidence from West Africa," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-22, March.
    3. Nenubari John Ikue & Joseph Osaro Denwi & John Akin Sodipo & Linus B. Enegesi, 2022. "Bank-specific performance indicators, macroeconomic variables and capital adequacy of Nigerian banking industry," International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478), Center for the Strategic Studies in Business and Finance, vol. 11(6), pages 288-299, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ehigiamusoe, Kizito Uyi & Lean, Hooi Hooi, 2019. "Do economic and financial integration stimulate economic growth? A critical survey," Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal (2007-2020), Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel), vol. 13, pages 1-27.
    2. Lucke, Bernd, 2022. "Growth Effects of European Monetary Union: A Synthetic Control Approach," MPRA Paper 115373, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Hazwan Haini & Lutfi Abdul Razak & Pang Wei Loon & Sufrizul Husseini, 2023. "Re-examining the finance–institutions–growth nexus: does financial integration matter?," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 56(3), pages 1895-1924, June.
    4. Simplice A. Asongu & Joseph Nnanna & Paul N. Acha-Anyi, 2020. "On the simultaneous openness hypothesis: FDI, trade and TFP dynamics in Sub-Saharan Africa," Journal of Economic Structures, Springer;Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS), vol. 9(1), pages 1-27, December.
    5. Bilgehan Tekin, 2021. "Modeling the Relation of Financial Integration-Economic Growth with GMM and QR Methods," Economic Studies journal, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences - Economic Research Institute, issue 8, pages 32-47.
    6. Razzaq, Asif & An, Hui & Delpachitra, Sarath, 2021. "Does technology gap increase FDI spillovers on productivity growth? Evidence from Chinese outward FDI in Belt and Road host countries," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 172(C).
    7. Ahmed, Abdullahi D., 2013. "Effects of financial liberalization on financial market development and economic performance of the SSA region: An empirical assessment," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 261-273.
    8. Liu Haiyun & Yassin Elshain Yahia & Md Ismail Hossain & Sayyed Sadaqat Hussain Shah, 2023. "The effect of integration processes of the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa on the economic growth of the member states," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(1), pages 93-111, January.
    9. Brahim Gaies, 2017. "Globalisation Financière, Croissance et effets de seuil : Le Cas des pays en développement Les moins avancés," EconomiX Working Papers 2017-25, University of Paris Nanterre, EconomiX.
    10. Moretti, Luigi, 2014. "Local financial development, socio-institutional environment, and firm productivity: Evidence from Italy," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 38-51.
    11. Gehringer, Agnieszka, 2013. "Growth, productivity and capital accumulation: The effects of financial liberalization in the case of European integration," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 291-309.
    12. Ahmed Abdullahi D., 2011. "International Financial Integration, Investment and Economic Performance in Sub-Saharan African Countries," Global Economy Journal, De Gruyter, vol. 11(4), pages 1-28, December.
    13. Simplice Asongu & Rexon Nting, 2021. "The role of finance in inclusive human development in Africa revisited," Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 38(2), pages 345-370, February.
    14. de Moraes, Claudio Oliveira & Cruz, Guilherme, 2023. "What do we know about the relationship between banks and income inequality? Empirical evidence for emerging and low-income countries," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).
    15. Asongu, Simplice & Nwachukwu, Jacinta C., 2015. "Finance and Inclusive Human Development: Evidence from Africa," MPRA Paper 71787, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    16. Nazima Ellahi & Adiqa Kausar Kiani & Muhammad Awais & Hina Affandi & Rabia Saghir & Sarah Qaim, 2021. "Investigating the Institutional Determinants of Financial Development: Empirical Evidence From SAARC Countries," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(2), pages 21582440211, April.
    17. Waldkirch, Andreas & Ofosu, Andra, 2010. "Foreign Presence, Spillovers, and Productivity: Evidence from Ghana," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 38(8), pages 1114-1126, August.
    18. Hynes, Kate & Kwan, Yum K. & Foley, Anthony, 2020. "Local linkages: The interdependence of foreign and domestic firms in Ireland," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 139-153.
    19. Batuo, Michael & Mlambo, Kupukile & Asongu, Simplice, 2018. "Linkages between financial development, financial instability, financial liberalisation and economic growth in Africa," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 168-179.
    20. Jean-Pierre Allegret & Sana Azzabi, 2014. "Intégration financière internationale et croissance économique dans les pays émergents et en développement : le canal du développement financier," Revue d’économie du développement, De Boeck Université, vol. 22(3), pages 27-68.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:rbs:ijbrss:v:9:y:2020:i:4:p:426-436. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Umit Hacioglu (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/ssbffea.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.