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Politiques nationales de lutte contre le changement climatique et réglementation de la concurrence : le cas de la fiscalité

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  • Jérôme Rieu

Abstract

[fre] La taxation des émissions de gaz à effet de serre est un instrument souvent retenu par les États en vue de respecter le protocole de Kyoto. Dans cette optique, l'efficacité de premier rang devrait être obtenue en appliquant un taux de taxe uniforme à l'ensemble de l’économie. Or, nous montrons que dans le cadre d'un accord multilatéral imparfait, des atténuations de taxe pour certains secteurs peuvent être socialement souhaitables sur la base de seules considérations d'efficacité économique au niveau mondial. Un nouveau problème se pose alors aux autorités mondiales et européennes de la concurrence pour qui la mise en oeuvre décentralisée de mécanismes de premier rang conduit habituellement à l'optimum global. [eng] National Policies to Fight the Climate Change and Competition Regulation : Taxation. . The obligation to comply with the Kyoto protocol prompts many governments to tax greenhouse gas emissions. Basic efficiency is supposed to be obtained by imposing a single tax rate on the entire economy. This article shows that the need for global economic efficiency may make tax relief for certain sectors socially desirable within the framework of an imperfect multilateral agreement. This raises a fresh problem for the global and European competition authorities, for whom decentralised application of basic mechanisms normally leads to a global optimum.

Suggested Citation

  • Jérôme Rieu, 2002. "Politiques nationales de lutte contre le changement climatique et réglementation de la concurrence : le cas de la fiscalité," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 155(4), pages 95-113.
    • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_2002_num_155_4_6872
    DOI: 10.3406/ecop.2002.6872
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecop.2002.6872
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sylviane Gastaldo, 1992. "L'effet de serre : pourquoi une approche par la tarification ?," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 258(1), pages 45-54.
    2. William D. Nordhaus, 1999. "Biens publics globaux et changement climatique," Revue Française d'Économie, Programme National Persée, vol. 14(3), pages 11-32.
    3. Alain L. Bernard & Marc Vielle, 1998. "GEMINI-E3, un modèle d'équilibre général national - international économique, énergétique et environnemental," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 136(5), pages 1-2.
    4. Jean-Marc Burniaux & Joaquim Oliveira Martins, 2000. "Carbon Emission Leakages: A General Equilibrium View," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 242, OECD Publishing.
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