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Kapazitätsauslastung, Produktionshemmnisse und Preisanpassungen unter dem Mikroskop

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Abstract

Für die Analyse der Inflationsdynamik auf gesamtwirtschaftlicher Ebene ist das Zusammenspiel von Kapazitätsauslastung, Produktionshemmnissen und Preisanpassungen auf Unter nehmensebene von zentraler Bedeutung. Kapazitätsbeschränkungen behindern kurzfristig die Möglichkeiten der Unternehmen, ihre Produktion auszuweiten, was üblicherweise zu Preiserhöhungen führt. In dieser Analyse können wir für die Schweiz empirisch zeigen, dass Preiserhöhungen in der Tat wahrscheinlicher werden, wenn Unternehmen mit Kapazitätsbeschränkungen konfrontiert sind. So führt eine Behinderung der Produktion durch einen Mangel an Arbeitskräften oder unzureichende technische Kapazitäten zu höheren Preisen. Es zeigt sich jedoch auch, dass Unternehmen ihre Preise senken, wenn ihre Produktion auf eine ungenügende Nachfrage trifft. Übertragen auf die Makroebene sprechen diese Resultate für eine nichtlineare Phillipskurve. Die Inflationsrate steigt in Aufschwungsoder Boomphasen, in denen Kapazitätsbeschränkungen häufig auftreten, stärker als in Phasen mit normaler wirtschaftlicher Aktivität; umgekehrt sinkt die Inflationsrate in Konjunkturphasen mit ungenügender Nachfrage überproportional. Die volkswirtschaftlichen Kosten der Inflations bekämpfung lassen sich verringern, wenn die Notenbanken dieser konvex-konkaven Form der Phillips-Kurve Rechnung tragen.

Suggested Citation

  • Eva M. Köberl, 2011. "Kapazitätsauslastung, Produktionshemmnisse und Preisanpassungen unter dem Mikroskop," KOF Analysen, KOF Swiss Economic Institute, ETH Zurich, vol. 5(4), pages 43-54, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:kof:anskof:v:5:y:2011:i:4:p:43-54
    DOI: 10.3929/ethz-a-005427569
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    References listed on IDEAS

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