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Do global value chains create jobs?

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  • Thomas Farole

    (World Bank, USA)

Abstract

Global value chains (GVCs) describe the cross-national activities and inputs required to bring a product or service to the market. While they can boost exports and productivity, the resulting labor market impacts vary significantly across developing countries. Some experience large-scale manufacturing employment, while others see a shift in demand for labor from manufacturing to services, and from lower to higher skills. Several factors shape the way in which a country’s labor market will be impacted by GVC integration, including the type of sector, lead firms’ strategies, domestic skills base, and the institutional environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Thomas Farole, 2016. "Do global value chains create jobs?," IZA World of Labor, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), pages 291-291, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izawol:journl:y:2016:n:291
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    Cited by:

    1. Miroslav N. Jovanović, 2019. "The Supply Chain Economy: How Far does it Spread in Space and Time?," Economia Internazionale / International Economics, Camera di Commercio Industria Artigianato Agricoltura di Genova, vol. 72(4), pages 393-452.
    2. Joao Paulo A. de Souza & Leopoldo Gómez‐Ramírez, 2021. "Industrialization and skill acquisition in an evolutionary model of coordination failures," Metroeconomica, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 72(4), pages 849-867, November.
    3. Marcato, Marilia Bassetti & Dweck, Esther & Montanha, Rafael, 2022. "The densification of Chinese production chains in the context of vertically fragmented production," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 75-89.
    4. Valentine Fays & Benoît Mahy & François Rycx, 2023. "Wage differences according to workers' origin: The role of working more upstream in GVCs," LABOUR, CEIS, vol. 37(2), pages 319-342, June.
    5. Carolina Calatayud & María Engracia Rochina Barrachina, 2023. "How do firms in Sub‐Saharan Africa benefit from global value chains?," South African Journal of Economics, Economic Society of South Africa, vol. 91(2), pages 214-241, June.
    6. Saon Ray & Smita Miglani, 2020. "India's GVC integration: An analysis of upgrading efforts and facilitation of lead firms," Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER) Working Paper 386, Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER), New Delhi, India.
    7. Nicola Gagliardi & Benoît Mahy & François Rycx, 2018. "Upstreamness, social upgrading and gender: Equal benefits for all?," Working Paper Research 359, National Bank of Belgium.
    8. Marta Duda-Nyczak & Christian Viegelahn, 2016. "Exporters, Importers and Employment: Firm-Level Evidence from Africa," The Indian Journal of Labour Economics, Springer;The Indian Society of Labour Economics (ISLE), vol. 59(3), pages 309-341, September.
    9. Mondal, Supriyo, 2023. "International Trade and Global Value Chain: An Overview," MPRA Paper 116018, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    10. Dani Rodrik, 2018. "New Technologies, Global Value Chains, and Developing Economies," NBER Working Papers 25164, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    11. Nicola Gagliardi & Benoît Mahy & François Rycx, 2021. "Upstreamness, Wages and Gender: Equal Benefits for All?," British Journal of Industrial Relations, London School of Economics, vol. 59(1), pages 52-83, March.
    12. Dosi, Giovanni & Riccio, Federico & Virgillito, Maria Enrica, 2025. "Decarbonisation and specialisation downgrading: The double harm of GVC integration," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 194(C).
    13. Magdalena Olczyk & Marjan Petreski, 2024. "From Global Value Chains to Local Jobs: Exploring FDI-induced Job Creation in EU-27," Papers 2410.04160, arXiv.org.
    14. Upalat Korwatanasakul & Tran Thi Hue, 2022. "Global Value Chain Participation and Labour Productivity in Manufacturing Firms in Viet Nam: Firm-Level Panel Analysis," Working Papers DP-2022-34, Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA).
    15. Solomon Owusu, 2025. "Global value chains and aggregate productivity growth in developing countries: the role of intra-sectoral allocation and structural change," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 161(1), pages 89-119, February.
    16. Farole, Thomas & Hollweg, Claire & Winkler, Deborah, 2018. "Trade in Global Value Chain: An Assessment of Labor Market Implication," Jobs Group Papers, Notes, and Guides 30318036, The World Bank.
    17. Nana, Ibrahim & Tabe-Ojong, Martin Paul, 2023. "Evolution of Global Value Chains Participation and Economic Growth in Africa," Sustainable Global Supply Chains Discussion Papers 5, Research Network Sustainable Global Supply Chains.
    18. Jonathan Morris & Jean Jenkins & Jimmy Donaghey, 2021. "Uneven Development, Uneven Response: The Relentless Search for Meaningful Regulation of GVCs," British Journal of Industrial Relations, London School of Economics, vol. 59(1), pages 3-24, March.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    global value chains; GVCs; trade and investment; jobs; developing countries;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F6 - International Economics - - Economic Impacts of Globalization

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