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Teoría y práctica de la discrimación en el mercado laboral Ecuatoriano (2007-2012)

Author

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  • Jairo Rivera

    (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile)

Abstract

Este trabajo analiza en detalle las dos principales teorías de discriminación que han sido usadas ampliamente por los economiastas: la discriminación por gusto (taste-based) y la discriminación estadística (statistical-discrimination). Además, evalúa las metodologías y resultados de los pocos estudsis de brechas salariales y discriminación realizados sobre Ecuador. Posteriormente, se determina de la existencia de discriminación en el mercado laboral ecuatoriano para los periodos de 2007 y 2012. En la estimación, se usa una ecuación semi-logarítmica, se realiza la corrección del sesgo de selección empleando el método de Heckman en dos etapas, y se usa la descomposición de Oaxaca-Blinder para determinar las diferencias salariales atribuibles a factores observables y no observables. Los resultados indican que las brechas salariales entre hombre y mijeres se han reducido de 15.1%, para el año 2007, a 10.1% para el año 2012. Asimismo, las brechas salariales hacia grupos minoritarios han disminuido de 6.0% a 3.7%. Finalmente, los resultados muestran que las diferencias salariales se deben a la presencia de discriminación en el mercado laboral ecuatoriano.

Suggested Citation

  • Jairo Rivera, 2013. "Teoría y práctica de la discrimación en el mercado laboral Ecuatoriano (2007-2012)," Analítika, Analítika - Revista de Análisis Estadístico/Journal of Statistical Analysis, vol. 5(1), pages 7-22, Junio.
    • Handle: RePEc:inp:inpana:v:5:y:2013:i:1:p:7-22
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Brecha Salarial; Ecuación Semi-logarítmica; Descomposición Salarial Oaxaca-Blinder;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C51 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Construction and Estimation
    • J23 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Demand
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • J71 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination - - - Hiring and Firing

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