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Influence of Urbanization and Foreign Direct Investment on Carbon Emission Efficiency: Evidence from Urban Clusters in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

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  • Shijian Wu

    (School of Economics and Management, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China)

  • Kaili Zhang

    (School of Economics and Management, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China)

Abstract

Reducing carbon emissions and realizing green, circular, and low-carbon development is essential for high-quality economic development. Following the construction of a superefficiency SBM model and combining the panel data of three major urban agglomerations in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2003 to 2017, carbon emission efficiency was measured and analyzed. A spatial Durbin model (SDM) was incorporated to analyze the urban agglomerations in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the impact of urbanization quality and foreign direct investment (FDI) on carbon emission efficiency. Finally, the SDM model was used to decompose the spillover effect. Generally, carbon emission efficiency in the three major urban agglomerations in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is low, with regional differences. FDI only has a positive impact on the carbon emissions of the Yangtze River Delta and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. Furthermore, urbanization and population density have led to high levels of carbon emission in the region; however, the industrial structure and energy intensity factors have inhibited the improvement of regional carbon emission efficiency. Improving the quality of urbanization and trade structure is important to achieve energy conservation and emission reductions, which are pillars of sustainable economic development.

Suggested Citation

  • Shijian Wu & Kaili Zhang, 2021. "Influence of Urbanization and Foreign Direct Investment on Carbon Emission Efficiency: Evidence from Urban Clusters in the Yangtze River Economic Belt," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-22, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:5:p:2722-:d:509562
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    2. Ying Xie & Minglong Zhang, 2023. "Influence of Clean Energy and Financial Structure on China’s Provincial Carbon Emission Efficiency—Empirical Analysis Based on Spatial Spillover Effects," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-25, February.
    3. Jiao Wang & Zhenliang Liao & Hui Sun, 2023. "Analysis of Carbon Emission Efficiency in the Yellow River Basin in China: Spatiotemporal Differences and Influencing Factors," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-19, May.
    4. Hongtao Jiang & Jian Yin & Yuanhong Qiu & Bin Zhang & Yi Ding & Ruici Xia, 2022. "Industrial Carbon Emission Efficiency of Cities in the Pearl River Basin: Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Driving Forces," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-22, July.
    5. Haonan Yang & Liang Chen & Huan Huang & Panyu Tang, 2022. "Measurement and Spatial-Temporal Evolution Characteristics of Low-Carbon Cities with High-Quality Development: The Case Study of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-23, August.
    6. Guangyu Ge & Yu Tang & Qian Zhang & Zhijiang Li & Xiejun Cheng & Decai Tang & Valentina Boamah, 2022. "The Carbon Emissions Effect of China’s OFDI on Countries along the “Belt and Road”," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-14, October.
    7. Zhuo He, 2025. "The spatial disequilibrium and influencing factors of carbon emissions in the Yangtze River Economic Belt based on nighttime light data," Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 12(1), pages 1-13, December.
    8. Lijie Wei & Zhibao Wang, 2022. "Differentiation Analysis on Carbon Emission Efficiency and Its Factors at Different Industrialization Stages: Evidence from Mainland China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-14, December.
    9. Xue Xie & Bin Fang & Shasha He, 2022. "Is China’s Urbanization Quality and Ecosystem Health Developing Harmoniously? An Empirical Analysis from Jiangsu, China," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-19, April.
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