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The U-Shaped Relationship between Intellectual Capital and Technological Innovation: A Perspective on Enterprise Ownership and the Moderating Effect of CSR

Author

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  • Zhenyang Zhang

    (Graduate School of Management of Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48547, Korea)

  • Xinyuan Wang

    (Graduate School of Management of Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48547, Korea
    School of Economics and Management, Hulunbuir University, Hulunbuir 021000, China)

  • Dongphil Chun

    (Graduate School of Management of Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48547, Korea)

Abstract

Promoting technological innovation is an essential issue for enterprises to maintain sustainable development in a highly competitive environment. Previous studies have focused on exploring the linear relationship between intellectual capital and technological innovation, ignoring the possibility of a non-linear relationship between them. This study draws on a dualistic view of intellectual capital and divides it into two elements: human capital and structural capital. Based on the factor endowment theory, we explored the non-linear relationship between intellectual capital and technological innovation, using the data of Chinese A-share listed companies from 2014 to 2019 as the sample, and then analyzed the moderating effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on their relationship. The results of the OLS regressions indicated a significant U-shaped relationship between intellectual capital and its elements on technological innovation. This means a “regressive” effect of low levels of intellectual capital on technological innovation and an “incremental” effect of high levels of intellectual capital on technological innovation. Improving CSR could positively enhance the U-shaped effect of intellectual capital on technological innovation. A further study found that the U-shaped effects of intellectual capital and human capital on technological innovation were still supported in state-owned and private enterprises. The U-shaped effect of structural capital on technological innovation was still supported in private enterprises but not in state-owned enterprises. This study explored the relationship between intellectual capital and technological innovation from a unique perspective. It provides a theoretical basis for enterprises to appropriately fulfill their social responsibility and actively promote technological innovation.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhenyang Zhang & Xinyuan Wang & Dongphil Chun, 2021. "The U-Shaped Relationship between Intellectual Capital and Technological Innovation: A Perspective on Enterprise Ownership and the Moderating Effect of CSR," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-20, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:22:p:12872-:d:684264
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Jungeun Cho & Haeyoung Ryu, 2022. "Impact of Managerial Ownership on Corporate Social Responsibility in Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-14, April.
    3. Su Yi & Muhammad Rabnawaz & Waqar Jalal & Ali Zeb, 2023. "The Nexus between Foreign Competition and Buying Innovation: Evidence from China’s High-Technology Industry," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-27, July.
    4. Md. Sohel Rana & Syed Zabid Hossain, 2023. "Intellectual Capital, Firm Performance, and Sustainable Growth: A Study on DSE-Listed Nonfinancial Companies in Bangladesh," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-23, April.

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