IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v11y2019i18p4939-d265863.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Predicting Entrepreneurial Intentions and Pre-Start-Up Behaviour among Asnaf Millennials

Author

Listed:
  • Tengku Mohd Azizuddin Tuan Mahmood

    (Faculty of Entrepreneurship and Business, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, City Campus, Pengkalan Chepa, 16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia)

  • Abdullah Al Mamun

    (Faculty of Entrepreneurship and Business, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, City Campus, Pengkalan Chepa, 16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia)

  • Ghazali Bin Ahmad

    (Faculty of Hospitality, Tourism and Wellness, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, City Campus, Pengkalan Chepa, 16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia)

  • Mohamed Dahlan Ibrahim

    (Faculty of Entrepreneurship and Business, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, City Campus, Pengkalan Chepa, 16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia)

Abstract

The study referred to the theory of planned behaviour in determining how the selected factors (innovativeness, proactive personality, need of achievement, internal locus of control, risk-taking propensity, lifestyle integration, social networking, resource and opportunity recognition, attitude towards entrepreneurship, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control) influenced the entrepreneurial intentions and pre-start-up behaviour among the Asnaf millennials in Malaysia. This study collected cross-sectional survey data, which are quantitative data from 310 randomly selected Asnaf millennials from Kelantan, Malaysia using structured interviews. This study used Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling PLS-SEM to analyse the data. The result confirmed the indirect influence (entrepreneurial intention) of attitude towards entrepreneurship, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control on the pre-start-up behaviour. Findings revealed that all antecedents have a positive and statistically significant effect on attitude towards entrepreneurship, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control, with an exception to risk-taking propensity. Hence, it is suggested that development programs and policies should enhance the innovativeness and opportunity recognition competency, provide access to working capital, and build a platform to promote entrepreneurial networking in increasing entrepreneurial intention among the low-income Asnaf millennials in Malaysia.

Suggested Citation

  • Tengku Mohd Azizuddin Tuan Mahmood & Abdullah Al Mamun & Ghazali Bin Ahmad & Mohamed Dahlan Ibrahim, 2019. "Predicting Entrepreneurial Intentions and Pre-Start-Up Behaviour among Asnaf Millennials," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(18), pages 1-26, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:18:p:4939-:d:265863
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/18/4939/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/11/18/4939/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Teemu Kautonen & Marco van Gelderen & Erno T. Tornikoski, 2013. "Predicting entrepreneurial behaviour: a test of the theory of planned behaviour," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(6), pages 697-707, February.
    2. Gry Agnete Alsos & Lars Kolvereid, 1998. "The Business Gestation Process of Novice, Serial, and Parallel Business Founders," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 22(4), pages 101-114, July.
    3. Wahibur Rokhman & Forbis Ahamed, 2015. "The Role of Social and Psychological Factors on Entrepreneurial Intention among Islamic College Students in Indonesia," Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, Centre for Strategic and International Entrepreneurship at the Cracow University of Economics., vol. 3(1), pages 29-42.
    4. Jennifer Sequeira & Stephen L. Mueller & Jeffrey E. Mcgee, 2007. "The Influence Of Social Ties And Self-Efficacy In Forming Entrepreneurial Intentions And Motivating Nascent Behavior," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 12(03), pages 275-293.
    5. Evan J. Douglas & Dean A. Shepherd, 2002. "Self-Employment as a Career Choice: Attitudes, Entrepreneurial Intentions, and Utility Maximization," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 26(3), pages 81-90, April.
    6. Ajzen, Icek, 1991. "The theory of planned behavior," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 179-211, December.
    7. Steven M. Farmer & Xin Yao & Kate Kung–Mcintyre, 2011. "The Behavioral Impact of Entrepreneur Identity Aspiration and Prior Entrepreneurial Experience," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 35(2), pages 245-273, March.
    8. Ana Iolanda Vodă & Nelu Florea, 2019. "Impact of Personality Traits and Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurial Intentions of Business and Engineering Students," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-34, February.
    9. Gita Surie & Allan Ashley, 2008. "Integrating Pragmatism and Ethics in Entrepreneurial Leadership for Sustainable Value Creation," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 81(1), pages 235-246, August.
    10. Peter B. Robinson & David V. Stimpson & Jonathan C. Huefner & H. Keith Hunt, 1991. "An Attitude Approach to the Prediction of Entrepreneurship," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 15(4), pages 13-32, July.
    11. Ozgen, Eren & Baron, Robert A., 2007. "Social sources of information in opportunity recognition: Effects of mentors, industry networks, and professional forums," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 22(2), pages 174-192, March.
    12. Lee, Soo Hoon & Wong, Poh Kam, 2004. "An exploratory study of technopreneurial intentions: a career anchor perspective," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 19(1), pages 7-28, January.
    13. Riccardo Fini & Rosa Grimaldi & Gian Luca Marzocchi & Maurizio Sobrero, 2012. "The Determinants of Corporate Entrepreneurial Intention within Small and Newly Established Firms," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 36(2), pages 387-414, March.
    14. Leibao Zhang & Yanli Fan & Wenyu Zhang & Shuai Zhang, 2019. "Extending the Theory of Planned Behavior to Explain the Effects of Cognitive Factors across Different Kinds of Green Products," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(15), pages 1-17, August.
    15. Marco Gelderen & Roy Thurik & Niels Bosma, 2006. "Success and Risk Factors in the Pre-Startup Phase," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 26(4), pages 319-335, May.
    16. Ingrid Moons & Patrick De Pelsmacker, 2015. "An Extended Decomposed Theory of Planned Behaviour to Predict the Usage Intention of the Electric Car: A Multi-Group Comparison," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(5), pages 1-34, May.
    17. Wu, Lei-Yu, 2007. "Entrepreneurial resources, dynamic capabilities and start-up performance of Taiwan's high-tech firms," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 60(5), pages 549-555, May.
    18. Norris F. Krueger Jr., 2007. "What Lies Beneath? The Experiential Essence of Entrepreneurial Thinking," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 31(1), pages 123-138, January.
    19. Grigorios Asimakopoulos & Virginia Hernández & Javier Peña Miguel, 2019. "Entrepreneurial Intention of Engineering Students: The Role of Social Norms and Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(16), pages 1-17, August.
    20. Jui-Che Tu & Chun Yang, 2019. "Key Factors Influencing Consumers’ Purchase of Electric Vehicles," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(14), pages 1-22, July.
    21. Edelman, Linda F. & Brush, Candida G. & Manolova, Tatiana, 2005. "Co-alignment in the resource-performance relationship: strategy as mediator," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 20(3), pages 359-383, May.
    22. Teemu Kautonen & Marco van Gelderen & Matthias Fink, 2015. "Robustness of the Theory of Planned Behavior in Predicting Entrepreneurial Intentions and Actions," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 39(3), pages 655-674, May.
    23. Sangchoul Yi, 2019. "Determinants of Consumers’ Purchasing Behavior for Certified Aquaculture Products in South Korea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(14), pages 1-18, July.
    24. Gupta, Vipin & MacMillan, Ian C. & Surie, Gita, 2004. "Entrepreneurial leadership: developing and measuring a cross-cultural construct," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 19(2), pages 241-260, March.
    25. Kishinchand Poornima Wasdani & Mary Mathew, 2014. "Potential for opportunity recognition: differentiating entrepreneurs," International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 23(3), pages 336-362.
    26. Dirk Dohse & Sascha Walter, 2012. "Knowledge context and entrepreneurial intentions among students," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 39(4), pages 877-895, November.
    27. Krzysztof Wach & Liwiusz Wojciechowski, 2016. "Entrepreneurial Intentions of Students in Poland in the View of Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behaviour," Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, Centre for Strategic and International Entrepreneurship at the Cracow University of Economics., vol. 4(1), pages 83-94.
    28. Yeboah Asuamah Samuel & Kumi Ernest & Jacob Baffour Awuah, 2013. "An Assessment of Entrepreneurship Intention Among Sunyani Polytechnic Marketing Students," International Review of Management and Marketing, Econjournals, vol. 3(1), pages 37-49.
    29. Shirley Taylor & Peter A. Todd, 1995. "Understanding Information Technology Usage: A Test of Competing Models," Information Systems Research, INFORMS, vol. 6(2), pages 144-176, June.
    30. Howard E. Aldrich & Martha Argelia Martinez, 2001. "Many are Called, but Few are Chosen: An Evolutionary Perspective for the Study of Entrepreneurship," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 25(4), pages 41-56, July.
    31. Strömbäck, Camilla & Lind, Thérèse & Skagerlund, Kenny & Västfjäll, Daniel & Tinghög, Gustav, 2017. "Does self-control predict financial behavior and financial well-being?," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 14(C), pages 30-38.
    32. M. Camino Escolar-Llamazares & Isabel Luis-Rico & Tamara de la Torre-Cruz & Álvaro Herrero & Alfredo Jiménez & Carmen Palmero-Cámara & Alfredo Jiménez-Eguizábal, 2019. "The Socio-educational, Psychological and Family-Related Antecedents of Entrepreneurial Intentions among Spanish Youth," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-21, February.
    33. Carmen Păunescu & Mihaela Cornelia Popescu & Matthias Duennweber, 2018. "Factors Determining Desirability of Entrepreneurship in Romania," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-22, October.
    34. Nurdan Ozaralli & Nancy K. Rivenburgh, 2016. "Entrepreneurial intention: antecedents to entrepreneurial behavior in the U.S.A. and Turkey," Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, Springer;UNESCO Chair in Entrepreneurship, vol. 6(1), pages 1-32, December.
    35. C. Christopher Baughn & Johnson S. R. Cao & Linh Thi My Le & Victor A. Lim & Kent E. Neupert, 2006. "Normative, Social And Cognitive Predictors Of Entrepreneurial Interest In China, Vietnam And The Philippines," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 11(01), pages 57-77.
    36. Carter, Nancy M. & Gartner, William B. & Reynolds, Paul D., 1996. "Exploring start-up event sequences," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 11(3), pages 151-166, May.
    37. Chen Fang & Liwen Chen, 2019. "Exploring the Entrepreneurial Intentions of Science and Engineering Students in China: A Q Methodology Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-16, May.
    38. Desislava I. Yordanova & Maria-Antonia Tarrazon, 2010. "Gender Differences In Entrepreneurial Intentions: Evidence From Bulgaria," Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 15(03), pages 245-261.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Cosmina Lelia Voinea & Marcel Logger & Fawad Rauf & Nadine Roijakkers, 2019. "Drivers for Sustainable Business Models in Start-Ups: Multiple Case Studies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(24), pages 1-25, December.
    2. José Pedro Carreón-Gutiérrez & José Manuel Saiz-Álvarez, 2019. "Product Newness, Low Competition, Recent Technology, and Export Orientation as Predictors for Entrepreneurial Growth Aspirations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(20), pages 1-20, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Shirokova, Galina & Osiyevskyy, Oleksiy & Bogatyreva, Karina, 2016. "Exploring the intention–behavior link in student entrepreneurship: Moderating effects of individual and environmental characteristics," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 34(4), pages 386-399.
    2. Genshu Lu & Yaping Song & Bingchao Pan, 2021. "How University Entrepreneurship Support Affects College Students’ Entrepreneurial Intentions: An Empirical Analysis from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-25, March.
    3. Brunella Arru, 2020. "An integrative model for understanding the sustainable entrepreneurs’ behavioural intentions: an empirical study of the Italian context," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 22(4), pages 3519-3576, April.
    4. Tongxin Yu & Nadeem Khalid & Umair Ahmed, 2021. "Factors Influencing Entrepreneurial Intention among Foreigners in Kazakhstan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-33, June.
    5. Elina Kallas, 2019. "Environment-Readiness Entrepreneurship Intention Model: The Case of Estonians and the Russian-Speaking Minority in Estonia," SAGE Open, , vol. 9(1), pages 21582440188, January.
    6. Traikova, Diana, 2013. "Determinants of non-farm entrepreneurial intentions in a transitional context: Evidence from rural Bulgaria," Studies on the Agricultural and Food Sector in Transition Economies, Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies (IAMO), volume 72, number 72.
    7. Carlos Bazan, 2022. "Effect of the University’s Environment and Support System on Subjective Social Norms as Precursor of the Entrepreneurial Intention of Students," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(4), pages 21582440221, October.
    8. Colin Donaldson & Francisco Liñán & Joaquin Alegre, 2021. "Entrepreneurial Intentions: Moving the Field Forwards," Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies, Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India, vol. 30(1), pages 30-55, March.
    9. Ibrahim Al-Jubari, 2019. "College Students’ Entrepreneurial Intention: Testing an Integrated Model of SDT and TPB," SAGE Open, , vol. 9(2), pages 21582440198, May.
    10. Fernández-Pérez, Virginia & Alonso-Galicia, Patricia Esther & Rodríquez-Ariza, Lázaro & Fuentes-Fuentes, María del Mar, 2015. "Professional and personal social networks: A bridge to entrepreneurship for academics?," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 33(1), pages 37-47.
    11. Martin Mabunda Baluku & Edward Bantu & Kathleen Otto, 2018. "Effect of Locus of Control on Entrepreneurial Attitudes and Self-Employment Intentions: The Moderating Role of Individualism," Journal of Enterprising Culture (JEC), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 26(03), pages 251-283, September.
    12. Ratan J. S. Dheer & Tomasz Lenartowicz, 2018. "Multiculturalism and Entrepreneurial Intentions: Understanding the Mediating Role of Cognitions," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 42(3), pages 426-466, May.
    13. Carlos Bazan & Hannah Gaultois & Arifusalam Shaikh & Katie Gillespie & Sean Frederick & Ali Amjad & Simon Yap & Chantel Finn & James Rayner & Nafisa Belal, 2020. "A systematic literature review of the influence of the university’s environment and support system on the precursors of social entrepreneurial intention of students," Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 9(1), pages 1-28, December.
    14. Fayolle, Alain & Liñán, Francisco, 2014. "The future of research on entrepreneurial intentions," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 67(5), pages 663-666.
    15. Francisco Liñán & Yi-Wen Chen, 2006. "Testing the Entrepreneurial Intention Model on a Two-Country Sample," Working Papers 0607, Departament Empresa, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, revised Jul 2006.
    16. Meoli, Azzurra & Fini, Riccardo & Sobrero, Maurizio & Wiklund, Johan, 2020. "How entrepreneurial intentions influence entrepreneurial career choices: The moderating influence of social context," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 35(3).
    17. Monika Mühlböck & Julia-Rita Warmuth & Marian Holienka & Bernhard Kittel, 2018. "Desperate entrepreneurs: no opportunities, no skills," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 14(4), pages 975-997, December.
    18. Meqbel M. Aliedan & Ibrahim A. Elshaer & Mansour A. Alyahya & Abu Elnasr E. Sobaih, 2022. "Influences of University Education Support on Entrepreneurship Orientation and Entrepreneurship Intention: Application of Theory of Planned Behavior," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-18, October.
    19. David R. Marshall & Robert Gigliotti, 2020. "Bound for entrepreneurship? A career-theoretical perspective on entrepreneurial intentions," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 16(1), pages 287-303, March.
    20. Ricardo Figueiredo Belchior & Roisin Lyons, 2021. "Explaining entrepreneurial intentions, nascent entrepreneurial behavior and new business creation with social cognitive career theory – a 5-year longitudinal analysis," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 17(4), pages 1945-1972, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:18:p:4939-:d:265863. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.