Reviews of Photovoltaic and Energy Storage Systems in Buildings for Sustainable Power Generation and Utilization from Perspectives of System Integration and Optimization

This paper focuses on the latest studies and applications of Photovoltaic (PV) systems and Energy Storage Systems (ESS) in buildings from perspectives of system configurations, mathematic models, and optimization of design and operation. Mathematical models, which can accurately calculate PV yield and support integrating green electricity and energy storage into the grid, were reviewed. Using these mathematic models, various configurations and factors affecting PV system performance were explored. Key findings reveal that PV systems, which operate without using fossil fuels and emitting carbon dioxide, can significantly reduce buildings’ dependence on fossil energy and achieve deep decarbonization. Factors, such as temperature and solar radiation, need to be considered in improving PV performance and yield. Except from classifying different PV systems and discussing renewable energy generation performance, operation strategies of power systems with PV generation and storage, were also summarized to enhance green energy utilization and economic performances. This paper offers guidance on designing and operating high-efficiency PV-ESS in buildings.