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Moving towards Greener Road Transportation: A Review

Author

Listed:
  • Nick Rigogiannis

    (Electrical Machines Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace Kimmeria-Xanthi, 67132 Xanthi, Greece)

  • Ioannis Bogatsis

    (Electrical Machines Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace Kimmeria-Xanthi, 67132 Xanthi, Greece)

  • Christos Pechlivanis

    (Electrical Machines Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace Kimmeria-Xanthi, 67132 Xanthi, Greece)

  • Anastasios Kyritsis

    (Environmental Physics, Energy and Environmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Environment, Ionian University, Panagoula-Zakynthos, 29100 Zakynthos, Greece
    Department of Photovoltaic Systems and Distributed Generation, Centre for Renewable Energy Sources and Saving (C.R.E.S.), 19th km Marathonos Av., Pikermi, 19009 Athens, Greece)

  • Nick Papanikolaou

    (Electrical Machines Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace Kimmeria-Xanthi, 67132 Xanthi, Greece)

Abstract

Road transportation accounts for about 20% of the total GHG emissions in the EU. Nowadays, the substitution of conventional fossil fuel-based ICEs with electric engines, or their hybridization, operating along with Energy Storage Systems, seems to be the most appropriate measure to achieve reductions in both fuel consumption and GHGs. However, EVs encounter crucial challenges, such as long charging time and limited driving range. Hence, the transition to the mass adoption of EVs requires considerable effort and time. However, significant steps have been taken in the hybridization of road vehicles, with the aid of renewables and energy recovery/saving systems. In this context, this paper presents a comprehensive literature review of modern green technologies for GHG reduction that are applicable to road transportation, such as on-vehicle energy harvesting and recovery (e.g., thermal, kinetic, etc.) systems and the incorporation of RES into EV charging stations. The impact of road vehicles on the environment is discussed in detail, along with the EU roadmap towards the decarbonization of transportation. Next, methods and techniques for fuel consumption and GHG reduction are systematically presented and categorized into on-vehicle and off-vehicle ones. Finally, a future outlook on more environmentally friendly road transportation is presented.

Suggested Citation

  • Nick Rigogiannis & Ioannis Bogatsis & Christos Pechlivanis & Anastasios Kyritsis & Nick Papanikolaou, 2023. "Moving towards Greener Road Transportation: A Review," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 5(2), pages 1-25, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jcltec:v:5:y:2023:i:2:p:38-790:d:1165560
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Faidra Kotarela & Nick Rigogiannis & Eleni Glavinou & Fotis Mpailis & Anastasios Kyritsis & Nick Papanikolaou, 2024. "Techno-Economic and Environmental Assessment of a Photovoltaic-Based Fast-Charging Station for Public Utility Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-22, January.
    2. Yuchen Wang & Adeela Gulzari & Victor Prybutok, 2023. "Individual Characteristics as Motivators of Sustainable Behavior in Electronic Vehicle Rental," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 6(1), pages 1-14, December.
    3. Hafize Nurgul Durmus Senyapar & Ramazan Bayindir, 2023. "The Research Agenda on Smart Grids: Foresights for Social Acceptance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-31, September.

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