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Multi-objective optimization model for sustainable Indonesian electricity system: Analysis of economic, environment, and adequacy of energy sources

Author

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  • Purwanto, Widodo Wahyu
  • Pratama, Yoga Wienda
  • Nugroho, Yulianto Sulistyo
  • Warjito,
  • Hertono, Gatot Fatwanto
  • Hartono, Djoni
  • Deendarlianto,
  • Tezuka, Tetsuo

Abstract

This paper presents a multi-objective optimization model for a long-term generation mix in Indonesia. The objective of this work is to assess the economic, environment, and adequacy of local energy sources. The model includes two competing objective functions to seek the lowest cost of generation and the lowest CO2 emissions while considering technology diffusion. The scenarios include the use of fossil reserves with or without the constraints of the reserve to production ratio and exports. The results indicate that Indonesia should develop all renewable energy and requires imported coal and natural gas. If all fossil resources were upgraded to reserves, electricity demand in 2050 could be met by domestic energy sources. The maximum share of renewable energy that can be achieved in 2050 is 33% with and 80% without technology diffusion. The least cost optimization produces lower generation costs than the least CO2 emissions, as well as the combined scenario. Total CO2 emissions in 2050 are five to six times as large as current emissions. The least CO2 emissions scenario can reduce almost half of the CO2 emissions of the least cost scenario by 2050. The proposed multi-objective optimization model leads some optimal solutions for a more sustainable electricity system.

Suggested Citation

  • Purwanto, Widodo Wahyu & Pratama, Yoga Wienda & Nugroho, Yulianto Sulistyo & Warjito, & Hertono, Gatot Fatwanto & Hartono, Djoni & Deendarlianto, & Tezuka, Tetsuo, 2015. "Multi-objective optimization model for sustainable Indonesian electricity system: Analysis of economic, environment, and adequacy of energy sources," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 308-318.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:81:y:2015:i:c:p:308-318
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2015.03.046
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    9. Pratama, Yoga Wienda & Purwanto, Widodo Wahyu & Tezuka, Tetsuo & McLellan, Benjamin Craig & Hartono, Djoni & Hidayatno, Akhmad & Daud, Yunus, 2017. "Multi-objective optimization of a multiregional electricity system in an archipelagic state: The role of renewable energy in energy system sustainability," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 423-439.
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    12. Rahman, Arief & Richards, Russell & Dargusch, Paul & Wadley, David, 2023. "Pathways to reduce Indonesia’s dependence on oil and achieve longer-term decarbonization," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 1305-1323.
    13. Jannis Langer & Jaco Quist & Kornelis Blok, 2021. "Review of Renewable Energy Potentials in Indonesia and Their Contribution to a 100% Renewable Electricity System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-21, October.
    14. Shmelev, Stanislav E. & van den Bergh, Jeroen C.J.M., 2016. "Optimal diversity of renewable energy alternatives under multiple criteria: An application to the UK," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 679-691.
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    16. Sani, L. & Khatiwada, D. & Harahap, F. & Silveira, S., 2021. "Decarbonization pathways for the power sector in Sumatra, Indonesia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
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    18. Ahmed, Tofael & Mekhilef, Saad & Shah, Rakibuzzaman & Mithulananthan, N. & Seyedmahmoudian, Mehdi & Horan, Ben, 2017. "ASEAN power grid: A secure transmission infrastructure for clean and sustainable energy for South-East Asia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 1420-1435.
    19. Xiang, Liu, 2017. "Energy network dispatch optimization under emergency of local energy shortage with web tool for automatic large group decision-making," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 740-750.
    20. Detroja, Ketan P., 2016. "Optimal autonomous microgrid operation: A holistic view," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 320-330.
    21. Sung-Yoon Huh & Chul-Yong Lee, 2017. "A Demand-Side Perspective on Developing a Future Electricity Generation Mix: Identifying Heterogeneity in Social Preferences," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-19, August.
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