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Comparison of energy efficiency incentive programs: Rebates and white certificates

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  • Transue, Morghan
  • Felder, Frank A.

Abstract

With increased interest in energy efficiency in recent years, energy efficiency portfolio standards (EEPS) have gained popularity in state policymaking. This analysis employed New Jersey specific data to compare two incentive based approaches to EEPS implementation: rebates and white certificates. Quantitative modeling suggests that white certificate approaches that depend on market-clearing prices generate much larger upfront incentive outlays than rebate programs. They do not however increase societal burden. Both programs overcome high upfront efficiency measure costs and both recoup the expenses over the long run. Administration costs and participation rates can affect this dynamic however and require additional research to determine which approaches are most cost effective for various energy efficiency measures.

Suggested Citation

  • Transue, Morghan & Felder, Frank A., 2010. "Comparison of energy efficiency incentive programs: Rebates and white certificates," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 18(2), pages 103-111, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:juipol:v:18:y:2010:i:2:p:103-111
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    1. Gilbert E. Metcalf, 2006. "Energy Conservation in the United States: Understanding its Role in Climate Policy," Discussion Papers Series, Department of Economics, Tufts University 0609, Department of Economics, Tufts University.
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    1. Mahlia, T.M.I. & Tohno, S. & Tezuka, T., 2013. "International experience on incentive program in support of fuel economy standards and labelling for motor vehicle: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 18-33.
    2. Morini, Mirko & Pinelli, Michele & Spina, Pier Ruggero & Venturini, Mauro, 2013. "Optimal allocation of thermal, electric and cooling loads among generation technologies in household applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 205-214.
    3. Elizabeth Hewitt & Yiyi Wang, 2020. "Understanding the Drivers of National-Level Energy Audit Behavior: Demographics and Socioeconomic Characteristics," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-14, March.
    4. Yushchenko, Alisa & Patel, Martin Kumar, 2017. "Cost-effectiveness of energy efficiency programs: How to better understand and improve from multiple stakeholder perspectives?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 538-550.
    5. Sahoo, Nihar R. & Mohapatra, Pratap K.J. & Sahoo, Biresh K. & Mahanty, Biswajit, 2017. "Rationality of energy efficiency improvement targets under the PAT scheme in India – A case of thermal power plants," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 279-289.
    6. Safarzadeh, Soroush & Rasti-Barzoki, Morteza & Hejazi, Seyed Reza, 2020. "A review of optimal energy policy instruments on industrial energy efficiency programs, rebound effects, and government policies," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    7. Liping Liao & Chukun Huang & Minzhe Du, 2022. "The Effect of Energy Quota Trading on Energy Saving in China: Insight from a Quasi-Natural Experiment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-17, November.
    8. Safarzadeh, Soroush & Rasti-Barzoki, Morteza & Hejazi, Seyed Reza & Piran, Md Jalil, 2020. "A game theoretic approach for the duopoly pricing of energy-efficient appliances regarding innovation protection and social welfare," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    9. Safarzadeh, Soroush & Hafezalkotob, Ashkan & Jafari, Hamed, 2022. "Energy supply chain empowerment through tradable green and white certificates: A pathway to sustainable energy generation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 323(C).

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