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Viewpoint: Characterising early agricultural and food policy responses to the outbreak of COVID-19

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  • Gruère, Guillaume
  • Brooks, Jonathan

Abstract

This article reviews and categorises early policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, based on a dataset of 496 measures taken by 54 countries between January 1 and April 28 and collected by the OECD from government officials and additional sources. Findings show a large diversity of measures, some of which were urgent and necessary, some that may continue to be beneficial once the pandemic has subsided, while others are potentially disruptive for the functioning of markets or damaging for the environment. National allocations of measures show differences between developed OECD countries, which used more agriculture or support related measures, and emerging economies, which focused on trade policies, information provision or food assistance. A minimum USD 47.6 billion was allocated by OECD governments to the agriculture and food sector, mostly in the form of domestic food assistance and support to agriculture and the food chain.

Suggested Citation

  • Gruère, Guillaume & Brooks, Jonathan, 2021. "Viewpoint: Characterising early agricultural and food policy responses to the outbreak of COVID-19," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jfpoli:v:100:y:2021:i:c:s0306919220302232
    DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2020.102017
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    1. Amare, Mulubrhan & Abay, Kibrom A. & Tiberti, Luca & Chamberlin, Jordan, 2020. "Impacts of COVID-19 on food security: Panel data evidence from Nigeria," IFPRI discussion papers 1956, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    2. Titan Alon & Minki Kim & David Lagakos & Mitchell VanVuren, 2020. "How Should Policy Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic Differ in the Developing World?," NBER Working Papers 27273, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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    2. Yanqi Xie & Apurbo Sarkar & Md. Shakhawat Hossain & Ahmed Khairul Hasan & Xianli Xia, 2021. "Determinants of Farmers’ Confidence in Agricultural Production Recovery during the Early Phases of the COVID-19 Pandemic in China," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-22, October.
    3. Baldwin, Katherine & Mensah, Kristina & Tiehen, Laura & Rudloff, Bettina, 2025. "Mitigating food security impacts from crisis in high-income countries: lessons from different contexts," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    4. Nelson Villoria & Rachael Garrett & Florian Gollnow & Kimberly Carlson, 2022. "Leakage does not fully offset soy supply-chain efforts to reduce deforestation in Brazil," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-10, December.
    5. Ahn, Soojung & Steinbach, Sandro, 2022. "COVID-19 Trade Actions and Their Impact on the Agricultural and Food Sector," 2022 Allied Social Sciences Association (ASSA) Annual Meeting (Virtual), January 7-9, 2022 316789, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    6. Cesaro, Luca & Giampaolo, Antonio & Giarè, Francesc & Sardone, Roberta & Scardera, Alfonso & Viganò, Laura, . "Italian farms during the COVID-19 pandemic: main problems and future perspectives. A direct analysis through the italian FADN," Bio-based and Applied Economics Journal, Italian Association of Agricultural and Applied Economics (AIEAA), vol. 11(01).
    7. Brankov, Tatjana & Matkovski, Bojan & Jeremić, Marija & Đurić, Ivan, 2021. "Food self-sufficiency of the SEE countries: Is the region prepared for a future crisis?," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 13(16).
    8. Rafael Granillo-Macías & Héctor Rivera-Gómez & Isidro Jesús González-Hernández & Francisca Santana-Robles, 2024. "Reconfiguration of Agrifood Supply Chain Management in Latin America during COVID-19: A Brief Literature Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-22, April.
    9. Soojung Ahn & Sandro Steinbach, 2023. "The impact of COVID‐19 trade measures on agricultural and food trade," Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 45(2), pages 911-927, June.
    10. Barbara Zanetti & Milena Verrascina & Francesco Licciardo & Giuseppe Gargano, 2022. "Agritourism and Farms Diversification in Italy: What Have We Learnt from COVID-19?," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-21, August.
    11. Tatjana Brankov & Bojan Matkovski & Marija Jeremić & Ivan Đurić, 2021. "Food Self-Sufficiency of the SEE Countries; Is the Region Prepared for a Future Crisis?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-20, August.
    12. Guo, Jianxin & Jin, Songqing & Zhao, Jichun & Wang, Hongbiao & Zhao, Fang, 2022. "Has COVID-19 accelerated the E-commerce of agricultural products? Evidence from sales data of E-stores in China," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C).
    13. Jianxin Guo & Songqing Jin & Jichun Zhao & Yuhua Li, 2023. "E‐commerce and supply chain resilience during COVID‐19: Evidence from agricultural input e‐stores in China," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 74(2), pages 369-393, June.
    14. Mockshell, Jonathan & Nielsen Ritter, Thea, 2024. "Applying the six-dimensional food security framework to examine a fresh fruit and vegetable program implemented by self-help groups during the COVID-19 lockdown in India," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • H12 - Public Economics - - Structure and Scope of Government - - - Crisis Management
    • Q17 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agriculture in International Trade
    • Q18 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Policy; Food Policy; Animal Welfare Policy

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