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The cognitive benefit of a window view

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  • Li, Xuan
  • Zhou, Xiang

Abstract

This paper examines whether sitting by a window can influence cognitive performance in a high-stakes setting. Leveraging unique administrative data from Chinese college entrance exams with randomized seating assignments, we find that a seat by a window with an outside view significantly enhances cognitive performance, resulting in 8.9 percent of a standard deviation increase in exam scores. Further evidence suggests that this finding aligns with Attention Restoration Theory. This study highlights the value of restorative environments in enhancing cognitive performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Li, Xuan & Zhou, Xiang, 2026. "The cognitive benefit of a window view," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 241(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jeborg:v:241:y:2026:i:c:s0167268125004755
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2025.107358
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • I20 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - General
    • D91 - Microeconomics - - Micro-Based Behavioral Economics - - - Role and Effects of Psychological, Emotional, Social, and Cognitive Factors on Decision Making

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