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Ownership structure and performance: Evidence from the public float in IPOs

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  • Michel, Allen
  • Oded, Jacob
  • Shaked, Israel

Abstract

We investigate whether the post-IPO market performance of IPO stocks is related to the percentage of shares issued to the public, namely, the public float. We demonstrate that a non-linear relation exists between the public float and post-IPO returns. Specifically, as public float increases, long-run returns decrease for low levels of public float and increase for high levels of public float. This relation persists even after controlling for various firm characteristics. The best long-term performers are firms that sell either very little or sell most of their stock in the IPO. We suggest that the choice of public float level creates a trade-off between incentives to insiders and power granted to outsiders. This trade-off determines the non-linear relation found between the public float and long-run returns.

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  • Michel, Allen & Oded, Jacob & Shaked, Israel, 2014. "Ownership structure and performance: Evidence from the public float in IPOs," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 54-61.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jbfina:v:40:y:2014:i:c:p:54-61
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jbankfin.2013.11.018
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    Cited by:

    1. Abrahamson, Martin & De Ridder, Adri, 2015. "Allocation of shares to foreign and domestic investors: Firm and ownership characteristics in Swedish IPOs," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 52-65.
    2. Meles, Antonio & Salerno, Dario & Sampagnaro, Gabriele & Fu, Mengchuan, 2021. "The going-public decision and firm risk," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    3. Michel, Allen & Oded, Jacob & Shaked, Israel, 2020. "Institutional investors and firm performance: Evidence from IPOs," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 51(C).
    4. Allen Michel & Jacob Oded & Israel Shaked, 2021. "What determines institutional investors' holdings in IPO firms?," International Review of Finance, International Review of Finance Ltd., vol. 21(4), pages 1302-1333, December.
    5. Meles, Antonio & Salerno, Dario, 2020. "Abnormal operating performance in IPOs: Does public float matter?," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    6. Fatih Macit & Ahmet Sekreter & Selver Seda Ada & Esra Simsek, 2015. "What Determines Post-IPO Market Performance: Evidence From Turkish IPOs," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 4(2), pages 73-79, June.
    7. Abrahamson, Martin, 2018. "Birds of a feather flock together: A study of new shareholders and Swedish IPOs," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 18(C), pages 1-17.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    IPO; Public float; Ownership structure; Equity issuance; Agency problems;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G35 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Payout Policy
    • G30 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - General

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