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Further evidence of an Environmental Kuznets Curve in Spain

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  • Sephton, Peter
  • Mann, Janelle

Abstract

Using a long span of data in Spain, Esteve and Tamarit (2012b) reported evidence of a strong link between per capita income and per capita CO2. In this paper we extend their work, finding evidence of both non-linear cointegration and asymmetric adjustment using a novel approach due to Sephton (1994) and Sephton and Mann (2012). The results suggest that there is a long-run non-linear attractor drawing per capita income and CO2 levels together, with asymmetric adjustment.

Suggested Citation

  • Sephton, Peter & Mann, Janelle, 2013. "Further evidence of an Environmental Kuznets Curve in Spain," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 177-181.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:eneeco:v:36:y:2013:i:c:p:177-181
    DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2013.01.001
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Environmental Kuznets Curve; CO2 emissions; Nonlinear cointegration; Threshold cointegration; Asymmetric adjustment;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C2 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables
    • Q4 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy

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