IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/ememar/v65y2025ics1566014124001286.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Combating the rent-seeking among enterprises in China's emissions trading system

Author

Listed:
  • Liu, Changyu
  • Sun, Jia
  • Zheng, Luhang
  • Zhu, Renkui

Abstract

Enterprises engage in rent-seeking with third-party verification authorities (TPs) falsify carbon data has seriously distorted the order of emissions trading system (ETS). Methods of effectively regulating rent-seeking in ETS remain unclear. Based on the analysis of the formation mechanisms of rent-seeking, a tripartite evolutionary game is constructed to explore the interactive behavior of enterprises, TPs, and governments. The important factors affecting the players' behavior were verified using simulation. The results revealed the following: 1) there is a significant correlation between the probability of rent-seeking, probability of acceptation by TPs and the probability of active supervision. 2) based on the evolutionary stability strategy in the game, two kinds of governance mode of rent-seeking are proposed, the market-oriented mode is more efficient than government-led mode; 3) the initial willingness of the tripartite stakeholders, relaxed cost, the penalties for rent-seeking, and the rewards were determined to be critical factors that influence evolutionary results. Finally, the practical countermeasures are recommended to strengthen the collaborative governance of ETS.

Suggested Citation

  • Liu, Changyu & Sun, Jia & Zheng, Luhang & Zhu, Renkui, 2025. "Combating the rent-seeking among enterprises in China's emissions trading system," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:ememar:v:65:y:2025:i:c:s1566014124001286
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ememar.2024.101233
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1566014124001286
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.ememar.2024.101233?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Liu, Weihua & Long, Shangsong & Xie, Dong & Liang, Yanjie & Wang, Jinkun, 2021. "How to govern the big data discriminatory pricing behavior in the platform service supply chain?An examination with a three-party evolutionary game model," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    2. Du, Weijian & Fan, Yuhuan & Liang, Sunfan & Li, Mengjie, 2023. "The power of belief: Religious traditions and rent-seeking of polluting enterprises in China," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    3. Yang, Yunpeng & Yang, Weixin & Chen, Hongmin & Li, Yin, 2020. "China’s energy whistleblowing and energy supervision policy: An evolutionary game perspective," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    4. Liu, Menghe & Li, Yuxiao, 2022. "Environmental regulation and green innovation: Evidence from China's carbon emissions trading policy," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 48(C).
    5. Long, Wenbin & Qu, Xin & Yin, Saifeng, 2023. "How does carbon emissions trading policy affect accrued earnings management in corporations? Evidence from China," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 55(PA).
    6. Chen, Xing & Lin, Boqiang, 2021. "Towards carbon neutrality by implementing carbon emissions trading scheme: Policy evaluation in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    7. Liu, Changyu & Song, Yadong & Wang, Wei & Shi, Xunpeng, 2023. "The governance of manufacturers’ greenwashing behaviors: A tripartite evolutionary game analysis of electric vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 333(C).
    8. Dickson, Alex & MacKenzie, Ian A. & Sekeris, Petros G., 2018. "Rent-seeking incentives in share contests," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 53-62.
    9. Wang, Yadong & Wang, Delu & Shi, Xunpeng, 2021. "Exploring the dilemma of overcapacity governance in China's coal industry: A tripartite evolutionary game model," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    10. Costa Junior, Celso J. & Garcia-Cintado, Alejandro C., 2021. "Rent-seeking in an emerging market: A DSGE approach," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 45(2).
    11. Facchini, François & Jaeck, Louis & Kratou, Hajer, 2024. "The growth-inequality debate revisited by rent-seeking theory: Some empirical evidence," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    12. Pan, Yanchun & Yang, Wen & Ma, Nan & Chen, Zhimin & Zhou, Ming & Xiong, Yi, 2019. "Game analysis of carbon emission verification: A case study from Shenzhen's cap-and-trade system in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 418-428.
    13. Foreman, R. Dean & Kleit, Andrew N., 2023. "Is prorationing efficiency-enhancing or rent-seeking?: Evidence from a natural experiment," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    14. Geng, Jiang-Bo & Liu, Changyu & Ji, Qiang & Zhang, Dayong, 2021. "Do oil price changes really matter for clean energy returns?," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    15. Du, Weijian & Li, Mengjie & Wang, Faming, 2020. "Role of rent-seeking or technological progress in maintaining the monopoly power of energy enterprises: An empirical analysis based on micro-data from China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C).
    16. Du, Qiang & Wang, Yalei & Pang, Qiaoyu & Hao, Tingting & Zhou, Yuqing, 2023. "The dynamic analysis on low-carbon building adoption under emission trading scheme," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PC).
    17. Galeotti, Marcello & Rabitti, Giovanni & Vannucci, Emanuele, 2020. "An evolutionary approach to fraud management," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 284(3), pages 1167-1177.
    18. Xu, Li & Zhang, Qin & Wang, Keying & Shi, Xunpeng, 2020. "Subsidies, loans, and companies' performance: evidence from China's photovoltaic industry," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    19. Zhouzhou Lin & Dezhi Liang & Shengnan Li, 2022. "Environmental Regulation and Green Technology Innovation: Evidence from China’s Heavily Polluting Companies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-18, September.
    20. Song, Xiangnan & Lu, Yujie & Shen, Liyin & Shi, Xunpeng, 2018. "Will China's building sector participate in emission trading system? Insights from modelling an owner's optimal carbon reduction strategies," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 232-244.
    21. Xiaoqian Zhu & Yinghui Wang & Jianping Li, 2022. "What drives reputational risk? Evidence from textual risk disclosures in financial statements," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 9(1), pages 1-15, December.
    22. Adams, Samuel & Adedoyin, Festus & Olaniran, Eniola & Bekun, Festus Victor, 2020. "Energy consumption, economic policy uncertainty and carbon emissions; causality evidence from resource rich economies," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 179-190.
    23. Zhang, Suyong & Wang, Chuanxu & Yu, Chao, 2019. "The evolutionary game analysis and simulation with system dynamics of manufacturer's emissions abatement behavior under cap-and-trade regulation," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 355(C), pages 343-355.
    24. Liu, Changyu & Gong, Wanrong & Dong, Guanglong & Ji, Qiang, 2024. "Regulation of environmental, social and governance disclosure greenwashing behaviors considering the risk preference of enterprises," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    25. Siddique, Md Abubakar & Akhtaruzzaman, Md & Rashid, Afzalur & Hammami, Helmi, 2021. "Carbon disclosure, carbon performance and financial performance: International evidence," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).
    26. Liu, Jing-Yue & Zhang, Yue-Jun, 2021. "Has carbon emissions trading system promoted non-fossil energy development in China?," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 302(C).
    27. Liu, Lu & Zhao, Qiuhong & Bi, Yanlin, 2020. "Why rent-seeking behavior may exist in Chinese mining safety production inspection system and how to alleviate it: A tripartite game analysis," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    28. Zhu, Chaoping & Fan, Ruguo & Lin, Jinchai, 2020. "The impact of renewable portfolio standard on retail electricity market: A system dynamics model of tripartite evolutionary game," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C).
    29. Liu, Changyu & Wang, Jing & Ji, Qiang & Zhang, Dayong, 2024. "To be green or not to be: How governmental regulation shapes financial institutions' greenwashing behaviors in green finance," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 93(C).
    30. Xu, Le & Fan, Meiting & Yang, Lili & Shao, Shuai, 2021. "Heterogeneous green innovations and carbon emission performance: Evidence at China's city level," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    31. Hyndman, Kyle & Ozbay, Erkut Y. & Sujarittanonta, Pacharasut, 2012. "Rent seeking with regretful agents: Theory and experiment," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 84(3), pages 866-878.
    32. Meng, Huixing & Liu, Xuan & Xing, Jinduo & Zio, Enrico, 2022. "A method for economic evaluation of predictive maintenance technologies by integrating system dynamics and evolutionary game modelling," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    33. Gu, Guangtong & Zheng, Haorong & Tong, Lingyun & Dai, Yaxian, 2022. "Does carbon financial market as an environmental regulation policy tool promote regional energy conservation and emission reduction? Empirical evidence from China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Liu, Changyu & Song, Yadong & Wang, Wei & Shi, Xunpeng, 2023. "The governance of manufacturers’ greenwashing behaviors: A tripartite evolutionary game analysis of electric vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 333(C).
    2. Liu, Changyu & Gong, Wanrong & Dong, Guanglong & Ji, Qiang, 2024. "Regulation of environmental, social and governance disclosure greenwashing behaviors considering the risk preference of enterprises," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    3. Du, Weijian & Fan, Yuhuan & Liang, Sunfan & Li, Mengjie, 2023. "The power of belief: Religious traditions and rent-seeking of polluting enterprises in China," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    4. Wu, Shu & Hu, Fangfang & Zhang, Zhijian, 2024. "Visible hand or invisible hand in climate governance? Evidence from China," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 204(C).
    5. Liu, Changyu & Wang, Jing & Ji, Qiang & Zhang, Dayong, 2024. "To be green or not to be: How governmental regulation shapes financial institutions' greenwashing behaviors in green finance," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 93(C).
    6. Du, Qiang & Wang, Yalei & Pang, Qiaoyu & Hao, Tingting & Zhou, Yuqing, 2023. "The dynamic analysis on low-carbon building adoption under emission trading scheme," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PC).
    7. Teng, Minmin & Lv, Kunfeng & Han, Chuanfeng & Liu, Pihui, 2025. "A tripartite stochastic evolutionary game for trading strategies under renewable portfolio standards in China’s electric power industry," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).
    8. Yuping Deng & Yanrui Wu & Helian Xu, 2022. "Emission Reduction and Value-added Export Nexus at Firm Level," Economics Discussion / Working Papers 22-19, The University of Western Australia, Department of Economics.
    9. Yao, Xusheng & Shao, Zhiqi & Wang, Ze & Zhu, Zhu & Chen, Zuanxu & Wu, Qingyang, 2025. "Policy incentives and market mechanisms dual-driven framework for new energy vehicles promotion," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C).
    10. Renjie Zhang & Hsingwei Tai & Kuotai Cheng & Huizhong Dong & Wenhui Liu & Junjie Hou, 2022. "Carbon Emission Efficiency Network: Evolutionary Game and Sensitivity Analysis between Differentiated Efficiency Groups and Local Governments," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-19, February.
    11. Zhao, Ruizeng & Sun, Jiasen & Wang, Xinyue, 2024. "Synergistic impact of digital finance and urban agglomeration policy on carbon emission reduction," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 96(PB).
    12. Xia, Xiaoning & Li, Pengwei & Cheng, Yang, 2023. "Tripartite evolutionary game analysis of power battery carbon footprint disclosure under the EU battery regulation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    13. Su, Chi-Wei & Pang, Li-Dong & Qin, Meng & Lobonţ, Oana-Ramona & Umar, Muhammad, 2023. "The spillover effects among fossil fuel, renewables and carbon markets: Evidence under the dual dilemma of climate change and energy crises," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 274(C).
    14. Lyu, Yuan & He, Yongxiu & Li, Shanzi & Zhou, Jinghan & Tian, BingYing, 2024. "Channeling approach of prosumer connection costs considering regional differences in China — Evolutionary game among distributed photovoltaic entities," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 289(C).
    15. Teng, Minmin & Lv, Kunfeng & Han, Chuanfeng & Liu, Pihui, 2023. "Trading behavior strategy of power plants and the grid under renewable portfolio standards in China: A tripartite evolutionary game analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    16. Yongming Zhu & Lanxiao Niu & Zheyun Zhao & Jing Li, 2022. "The Tripartite Evolution Game of Environmental Governance under the Intervention of Central Government," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-19, May.
    17. Du, Zhili & Wang, Yao, 2022. "Does energy-saving and emission reduction policy affects carbon reduction performance? A quasi-experimental evidence in China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 324(C).
    18. Wu, Rongxin & Tan, Zhizhou & Lin, Boqiang, 2023. "Does carbon emission trading scheme really improve the CO2 emission efficiency? Evidence from China's iron and steel industry," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    19. Cheng, Yuanyuan & Du, Kerui & Yao, Xin, 2023. "Stringent environmental regulation and inconsistent green innovation behavior: Evidence from air pollution prevention and control action plan in China," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    20. Hu, Feifei & Chang, Huibin & Wang, Dongxue & Chen, Xiaowei, 2025. "Fostering green technological innovation through carbon emission trading policies," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:ememar:v:65:y:2025:i:c:s1566014124001286. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/inca/620356 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.