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Zur Effizienz früher Hilfen: Forschungsdesign und erste Ergebnisse eines randomisierten kontrollierten Experiments

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  • Peter F. Lutz
  • Malte Sandner

Abstract

For efficiency reasons, the policy-mix of publicly financed educational measures should be adapted to novel insights into their private and social returns. Early childhood interventions are targeted to children in socially disadvantaged environments, beginning as soon as possible, ideally before birth. The developing theory of skill formation predicts high social returns for this kind of human capital policy. To provide evidence for this, a randomized controlled experiment is conducted. Object of investigation is the Pro Kind project which is targeted to first time mothers in economically and socially disadvantaged environments. Early results show that the project reaches its target group and that the poor environments lead to retarded development, measured by head circumference. First, preliminary results include an effect of treatment on boy's birth weight and body length at birth. Further research in later stages of development is needed to explore the efficiency of early childhood interventions in Germany. Aus ökonomischer Sicht sollte der Mix staatlich finanzierter Bildungsmaßnahmen neuen Erkenntnissen über deren private und soziale Grenzerträge angepasst werden. Frühe Hilfen sind Unterstützungsangebote für Kinder in sozial benachteiligten Umgebungen, die möglichst früh ansetzen, idealerweise schon in der Schwangerschaft. Die sich entwickelnde ökonomische Theorie der Fähigkeitsbildung sagt dieser Form der Bildungspolitik hohe soziale Renditen voraus. Anhand eines Experiments mit randomisierten Kontrollgruppendesigns soll der Nachweis der Wirksamkeit früher Hilfen erbracht werden. Als Untersuchungsgegenstand des Experiments dient das Modellprojekt Pro Kind, das sich an erstgebärende Mütter mit ökonomischen und sozialen Belastungsfaktoren wendet. Erste Auswertungen zeigen, dass das Modellprojekt diese Zielgruppe erreicht und dass die Belastungssituation mit einer Entwicklungsverzögerung des Kindes, gemessen am Kopfumfang, verbunden ist. Ein erster, vorläufiger Treatment-Effekt ist die Erhöhung des Geburtsgewichtes und der Körpergröße bei Jungen. Weitere Forschung in späteren Entwicklungsphasen ist erforderlich, um die Effizienz früher Hilfen in Deutschland näher zu bestimmen.

Suggested Citation

  • Peter F. Lutz & Malte Sandner, 2010. "Zur Effizienz früher Hilfen: Forschungsdesign und erste Ergebnisse eines randomisierten kontrollierten Experiments," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 79(3), pages 79-97.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwvjh:79-3-6
    DOI: 10.3790/vjh.79.3.79
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    Cited by:

    1. Arni, Patrick, 2012. "Kausale Evaluation von Pilotprojekten: Die Nutzung von Randomisierung in der Praxis," IZA Standpunkte 52, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Sandner, Malte, 2018. "Modellprojekt für benachteiligte Familien: Intensive Begleitung hilft Müttern und Kindern (Pilot project for disadvantaged families: Intensive home visiting helps mothers and children)," IAB-Kurzbericht 201806, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
    3. Sandner, Malte, 2013. "Effects of Early Childhood Intervention on Maternal Employment, Fertility and Well-Being. Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial," Hannover Economic Papers (HEP) dp-516, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät.
    4. EFI - Commission of Experts for Research and Innovation (ed.), 2013. "Research, innovation and technological performance in Germany - EFI Report 2013," Reports on Research, Innovation and Technological Performance in Germany, Expertenkommission Forschung und Innovation (EFI) - Commission of Experts for Research and Innovation, Berlin, volume 127, number 2013e.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Early childhood intervention; randomized controlled trial; socially disadvantaged children;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H52 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Education
    • I28 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Government Policy
    • I38 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Government Programs; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity

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