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International Student Inflow and City Innovation: Evidence from China

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  • Yuanyuan Gu
  • Songlin Li

Abstract

Research on immigration and innovation points out that immigrants can directly enhance the innovation of the host country by promoting cultural diversity. This paper analyzes the theoretical mechanism of international student inflow on city innovation from the perspective of cultural diversity and identifies the causal effect by constructing the instrumental variable of shift‐share IV. The results show that the international student inflow has a significant positive effect on city innovation. This effect is non‐linear and the threshold regression model identified the two threshold values. Further considering the spatial spillover effect between cities, we find that the innovation capacity and efficiency of cities are affected by local‐related factors and the spillover effects of neighboring cities. The direct effect of international talent is positive, while its spillover effect is negative, which indicates a competitive effect between cities in attracting international students. La investigación sobre inmigración e innovación señala que los inmigrantes pueden mejorar directamente la innovación del país de acogida al promover la diversidad cultural. Este artículo analiza el mecanismo teórico del influjo de estudiantes internacionales en la innovación urbana desde la perspectiva de la diversidad cultural e identifica el efecto causal mediante el desarrollo de la variable instrumental de shift‐share IV. Los resultados muestran que el influjo de estudiantes internacionales tiene un efecto positivo significativo en la innovación urbana. Este efecto no es lineal y el modelo de regresión umbral identificó valores para los dos umbrales. Considerando además el efecto de spillover espacial entre ciudades, se descubrió que la capacidad de innovación y la eficiencia de las ciudades se ven afectadas por factores locales y por los efectos de spillover de las ciudades vecinas. El efecto directo del talento internacional es positivo, mientras que su efecto de spillover es negativo, lo que indica un efecto competitivo entre ciudades a la hora de atraer estudiantes internacionales. 移民とイノベーションに関する研究から、移民は、文化の多様性を促進することによって、移住先である国のイノベーションを直接的に促進することができることが指摘されている。本稿では、文化的多様性の観点から都市のイノベーションにおける留学生の流入の理論的メカニズムを分析し、シフトシェア操作変数を構築することにより、その因果効果を明らかにした。結果から、留学生の流入は都市イノベーションに大きなプラスの効果を持つことが示された。この効果は非線形であり、閾値回帰モデルにより2つの閾値が特定された。さらに都市間の空間的波及効果を考慮に入れると、都市のイノベーション能力と効率性は、地域関連要因と近隣都市の波及効果に影響されることがわかった。国際的人材の直接的な効果はプラスで、その一方で波及効果はマイナスであるが、これは留学生誘致における都市間の競争効果を示すものである。

Suggested Citation

  • Yuanyuan Gu & Songlin Li, 2023. "International Student Inflow and City Innovation: Evidence from China," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 15(9), pages 1907-1925, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:rgscpp:v:15:y:2023:i:9:p:1907-1925
    DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12615
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