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Towards sustainable urban system through the development of small towns in India

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  • Sabyasachi Tripathi

Abstract

Regional imbalances in India can be attributed to the lack of a sustainable urban system. This paper highlights large‐city‐centric urbanization in India, considering the fact that 70% of the urban population lived in class I (with 0.1 million population and more) cities in 2011. The reviews of past and present urban development policies suggest that these are more biased towards large cities than small towns. In this context, this paper proposes a new methodology based on population growth rate, selecting 125 small towns for future urban development in India. To assess the impact of infrastructure on the growth of small towns, we calculate the Infrastructure Index. Our research has revealed that infrastructure, economic, environmental, historical, and administrative factors have a strong positive impact on the population growth rate of small towns. The results also show that towns located within a radius of 52 km from a class I city have a higher population growth rate and are important for sustainable urbanization in India. Our findings suggest that the development of small towns is important for reducing regional inequalities, growth of surrounding rural areas of a town, reducing pressure on large cities, and encouraging non‐farming activities for sustainable urbanization and achieving higher economic development. Los desequilibrios regionales en la India pueden atribuirse a la falta de un sistema urbano sostenible. Este artículo destaca la urbanización centrada en las grandes ciudades de la India, teniendo en cuenta que el 70% de la población urbana vivía en 2011 en ciudades de clase I (con 0,1 millones de habitantes o más) . Las revisiones de las políticas de desarrollo urbano pasadas y presentes sugieren que éstas están más sesgadas hacia las grandes ciudades que hacia las pequeñas. En este contexto, este artículo propone una nueva metodología basada en la tasa de crecimiento de la población, por medio de la selección de 125 pequeñas ciudades con respecto al futuro desarrollo urbano de la India. Para evaluar el impacto de la infraestructura en el crecimiento de las ciudades pequeñas, se calculó el Índice de Infraestructura. La investigación reveló que los factores infraestructurales, económicos, medioambientales, históricos y administrativos tienen un fuerte impacto positivo en la tasa de crecimiento de la población de las pequeñas ciudades. Los resultados muestran también que las ciudades situadas en un radio de 52 km de una ciudad de clase I tienen una mayor tasa de crecimiento demográfico y que son importantes para la urbanización sostenible en la India. Los resultados sugieren que el desarrollo de las ciudades pequeñas es importante para reducir las desigualdades regionales, el crecimiento de las zonas rurales circundantes de una ciudad, la reducción de la presión sobre las grandes ciudades y el fomento de las actividades no agrícolas para la urbanización sostenible y el logro de un mayor desarrollo económico. インドにおける地域的不均等は、持続可能な都市システムの欠如に起因する可能性がある。本稿では、2011年の都市人口の70%が、Class Iの都市 (人口10万人以上)に居住していた事実を考慮して、インドにおける大都市中心の都市化に注目する。過去と現在の都市開発政策のレビューから、政策が小都市よりも大都市に偏っていることが示唆される。これを背景に、本稿ではインドの将来の都市開発のために125の小都市を選び、人口増加率に基づく新しい方法を提案する。小さな町の成長に対するインフラの影響を評価するために、インフラ指数を算出する。結果から、インフラ、経済、環境、歴史、行政の各要因が、小都市の人口増加率に大きなプラスの影響を与えていることがわかる。さらに結果から、Class Iの都市から半径52 km以内に位置する町は人口増加率が高く、インドの持続可能な都市化にとって重要であることも示された。以上の知見から、小都市の開発は、地域不平等の減少、都市周辺の農村地域の成長、大都市への圧力の低減、持続可能な都市化及びより高度な経済発展を達成するための非農業活動の推進に重要であることが示唆された。

Suggested Citation

  • Sabyasachi Tripathi, 2021. "Towards sustainable urban system through the development of small towns in India," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 13(3), pages 777-797, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:rgscpp:v:13:y:2021:i:3:p:777-797
    DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12424
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    Cited by:

    1. Tripathi, Sabyasachi & Mitra, Arup, 2022. "Shedding light on unnoticed gems in India: A small town’s growth perspective," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    2. Arup Mitra & Sabyasachi Tripathi, 2021. "Shedding light on unnoticed gems in India: Small towns’ development perspective," IEG Working Papers 437, Institute of Economic Growth.
    3. Tomaz Ponce Dentinho & Karima Kourtit & Peter Nijkamp, 2021. "Regional Science Perspectives On Global Sustainable Development €“ An Exploration Of Multidimensional Expert Views By Means Of Q Analysis," Romanian Journal of Regional Science, Romanian Regional Science Association, vol. 15(1), pages 1-32, JUNE.

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