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Currency Unions, Export Margins, and Product Differentiation: An Empirical Assessment for European Monetary Union

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  • Harald Badinger
  • Kemal Türkcan

Abstract

This paper reconsiders the trade effects of the euro, providing a decomposition into its effects on the extensive margin and intensive margin. Furthermore, it relates the more disaggregated estimates for 93 two-digit HS product groups to the elasticity of substitution, thereby testing a key hypothesis of heterogenous firm trade theory. The estimates for the period 1996–2011 suggest a trade effect of the euro of some 28%, which has mainly materialized through the intensive margin. A negative net effect of the euro on the extensive margin is found for several product groups, supporting anecdotal evidence that firms have consolidated their product varieties in response to the elimination of exchange rate variability. Finally, the disaggregated estimates are in line with heterogenous firm trade theory models, suggesting that a large elasticity of substitution dampens the effect of a trade cost reduction on the extensive margin and amplifies its effect on the intensive margin.

Suggested Citation

  • Harald Badinger & Kemal Türkcan, 2014. "Currency Unions, Export Margins, and Product Differentiation: An Empirical Assessment for European Monetary Union," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 22(1), pages 13-30, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:reviec:v:22:y:2014:i:1:p:13-30
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Drivas, Kyriakos & Kalyvitis, Sarantis & Katsimi, Margarita, 2023. "Export prices and markups with a common currency: Empirical evidence from Greek exporting firms and euro adoption," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 79-98.
    3. Türkcan, Kemal & Pişkin, Erhan, 2014. "Ticaret Anlaşmalarının Türkiye’nin İhracat Dinamiğine Etkisi: Yaygın ve Yoğun Ticaret [The Effects of the Trade Agreements on the Dynamics of Turkey’s Export: Extensive and Intensive Margins]," MPRA Paper 59841, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Hong Zhuang & Miao Grace Wang & Imre Ersoy & Mesut Eren, 2023. "Does joining the European monetary union improve labor productivity? A synthetic control approach," Journal of Productivity Analysis, Springer, vol. 59(3), pages 287-306, June.
    5. Carmine PappalardoBy & Claudio Vicarelli, 2017. "Euro introduction and the behaviour of Italian exporting firms," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 69(4), pages 1054-1077.

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