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Evaluation der aktiven Arbeitsmarktpolitik: Ein Sachstandsbericht für die Instrumentenreform 2011
[Evaluation of active labor market programs: a summary of recent results for the German program reform 2011]

Author

Listed:
  • Gerd Heyer

    (Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales (BMAS))

  • Susanne Koch

    (Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB))

  • Gesine Stephan

    (Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB)
    Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg)

  • Joachim Wolff

    (Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB))

Abstract

Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag gibt einen ergebnisorientierten Überblick über den Stand der Evaluation der aktiven Arbeitsmarktpolitik in Deutschland. Die Befunde weisen überwiegend darauf hin, dass die meisten Maßnahmen bzw. Instrumente (als solche werden Maßnahmen bezeichnet, die auf der Grundlage einer gesetzlichen Normierung erbracht werden), die Beschäftigungschancen zumindest bei bestimmten Personengruppen steigern können. Verbesserungspotenzial besteht vor allem bei der zielgenauen Auswahl der Teilnehmer, die durch bestimmte Instrumente gefördert werden. Im Einzelnen lässt sich festhalten: Zur Unterstützung des Vermittlungsprozesses an Dritte überwiesene Personen waren später kaum häufiger beschäftigt als jene, die durch die Arbeitsagentur betreut wurden. Bestimmte Gruppen von Arbeitslosen konnten aber von der Überweisung profitieren. Etwas besser sind die Ergebnisse beim Vermittlungsgutschein. Eingliederungszuschüsse, betriebliche Trainingsmaßnahmen und die Gründungsförderung haben besonders positive Effekte auf die Beschäftigungschancen der Geförderten. Grundsätzlich besteht allerdings bei allen Maßnahmen, die mit einer Beschäftigungsaufnahme einhergehen, ein Risiko von Mitnahme-, Substitutions- und Verdrängungseffekten. Berufliche Weiterbildung und nicht-betriebliche Trainingsmaßnahmen erhöhen ebenfalls die Chancen auf eine reguläre Beschäftigung, allerdings häufig erst mit Zeitverzögerung. Beschäftigungsmaßnahmen verbessern die Integrationschancen bei arbeitsmarktfernen Gruppen. Für Personen, die dem Arbeitsmarkt näher stehen, können sie schädlich sein. Bei Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen tragen sie nicht zum Ziel einer Integration in den Arbeits- und Ausbildungsmarkt bei.

Suggested Citation

  • Gerd Heyer & Susanne Koch & Gesine Stephan & Joachim Wolff, 2012. "Evaluation der aktiven Arbeitsmarktpolitik: Ein Sachstandsbericht für die Instrumentenreform 2011 [Evaluation of active labor market programs: a summary of recent results for the German program ref," Journal for Labour Market Research, Springer;Institute for Employment Research/ Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), vol. 45(1), pages 41-62, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:jlabrs:v:45:y:2012:i:1:d:10.1007_s12651-012-0099-5
    DOI: 10.1007/s12651-012-0099-5
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    2. Tobias Brändle & Lukas Fervers, 2021. "Give it Another Try: What are the Effects of a Job Creation Scheme Especially Designed for Hard-to-Place Workers?," Journal of Labor Research, Springer, vol. 42(3), pages 382-417, December.

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