Die Wirkung der Hartz-Reform im Bereich der beruflichen Weiterbildung
Abstract
Mit der Hartz-Reform wurden auch im Bereich der beruflichen Weiterbildung grundlegende Neuerungen eingeführt. Dazu gehören vor allem die Einführung von Bildungsgutscheinen als neuem Allokationsinstrument, das den potentiellen Teilnehmern Wahlfreiheit bei der Auswahl der Bildungsanbieter gewährt, sowie eine stärker an der Wiedereingliederungsprognose ausgerichtete Auswahl der Teilnehmer. Wir untersuchen für die Phasen vor und nach der Reform die Wirkung der Teilnahme an berufsbezogener und -übergreifender Weiterbildung, dem quantitativ bedeutsamsten FbW-Programmtyp. Dabei greifen wir auf Verwaltungsdaten der Bundesagentur für Arbeit zurück und schätzen ausgehend von einem konditionalen Propensity-Score-Matching die durchschnittlichen Teilnahmeeffekte mittels nicht-parametrischer Vergleiche der Zustandwahrscheinlichkeiten sowie mittels semi-parametrischer Übergangsratenmodelle. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Teilnahme bereits vor der Reform zu einem Anstieg der Beschäftigungswahrscheinlichkeit geführt hat. Die Ergebnisse für die relativ kurze Beobachtungsperiode nach der Reform deuten darauf hin, dass die Effektivität der Maßnahme zugenommen hat, wobei der Reformeffekt in erster Linie auf eine Verkürzung des Lock-In Effekt zurückzuführen ist. The so-called Hartz reform has introduced fundamental changes for publicly sponsored training in Germany. This concerns primarily the emission of training vouchers as an exclusive allocation device, allowing potential participants free choice among training providers within a given training target range. In addition, delivery of training vouchers is conditioned on sufficient re-employment prospects of a job-seeker. We comparatively examine the impact of participation for the quantitatively most important type of training programs before and after the reform by using administrative data of the Federal Employment Agency. Based on conditional propensity score matching, we investigate average treatment effects by means of non-parametrically estimated state probabilities and semi-parametrically estimated transition rates. Our results show that participation in training programs had a positive impact on employment prospects already before the reform. Results for the relative short observation period since the reform are pointing to a further increase of effectiveness. The driving force behind this seems to come from reducing the duration of training programs, which has decreased the lock-in effect without affecting the program effect.Download Info
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Paper provided by Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) in its series IZA Discussion Papers with number 2255.Length: 26 pages
Date of creation: Aug 2006
Date of revision:
Publication status: published in: Zeitschrift für ArbeitsmarktForschung/Journal for Labour Market Research, 2006, 39 (3-4), 477-490
Handle: RePEc:iza:izadps:dp2255
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Related research
Keywords: Hartz-Reforms; occupational training; program evaluation; Germany;Find related papers by JEL classification:
- J64 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, and Vacancies - - - Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search
- J68 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, and Vacancies - - - Public Policy
- H43 - Public Economics - - Publicly Provided Goods - - - Project Evaluation; Social Discount Rate
This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:
- NEP-ALL-2006-08-26 (All new papers)
References
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Citations
Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.Cited by:
- Bernhard, Sarah & Hohmeyer, Katrin & Jozwiak, Eva & Koch, Susanne & Kruppe, Thomas & Stephan, Gesine & Wolff, Joachim, 2008. "Aktive Arbeitsmarktpolitik in Deutschland und ihre Wirkungen," IAB-Forschungsbericht 200802, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
- Marco Caliendo & Armin Falk & Lutz C. Kaiser & Hilmar Schneider & Arne Uhlendorff & Gerard van den Berg & Klaus F. Zimmermann, 2011.
"The IZA Evaluation Dataset: towards evidence-based labor policy making,"
International Journal of Manpower,
Emerald Group Publishing, vol. 32(7), pages 731-752, November.
- Caliendo, Marco & Falk, Armin & Kaiser, Lutz C. & Schneider, Hilmar & Uhlendorff, Arne & van den Berg, Gerard J. & Zimmermann, Klaus F., 2010. "The IZA Evaluation Dataset: Towards Evidence-Based Labor Policy-Making," IZA Discussion Papers 5400, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA).
- Jochen Kluve & Hilmar Schneider & Arne Uhlendorff & Zhong Zhao, 2007.
"Evaluating Continuous Training Programs Using the Generalized Propensity Score,"
Ruhr Economic Papers
0035, Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universität Dortmund, Universität Duisburg-Essen.
- Jochen Kluve & Hilmar Schneider & Arne Uhlendorff & Zhong Zhao, 2007. "Evaluating Continuous Training Programs Using the Generalized Propensity Score," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 752, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
- Kluve, Jochen & Schneider, Hilmar & Uhlendorff, Arne & Zhao, Zhong, 2007. "Evaluating Continuous Training Programs Using the Generalized Propensity Score," IZA Discussion Papers 3255, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA).
- Kluve, Jochen & Schneider, Hilmar & Uhlendorff, Arne & Zhao, Zhong, 2007. "Evaluating continuous training programs using the generalized propensity score1," Technical Reports 2007,39, Technische Universität Dortmund, Sonderforschungsbereich 475: Komplexitätsreduktion in multivariaten Datenstrukturen.
- Kruppe, Thomas, 2008. "Selektivität bei der Einlösung von Bildungsgutscheinen," IAB Discussion Paper 200817, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
- Heyer, Gerd & Koch, Susanne & Stephan, Gesine & Wolff, Joachim, 2011. "Evaluation der aktiven Arbeitsmarktpolitik: Ein Sachstandsbericht für die Instrumentenreform 2011 (Evaluation of active labor market programs : a summary of recent results for the German program refo," IAB Discussion Paper 201117, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
- Schneider, Hilmar & Uhlendorff, Arne, 2006. "Die Wirkung der Hartz-Reform im Bereich der beruflichen Weiterbildung (The effect of the Hartz reform in the field of further vocational training)," Zeitschrift für ArbeitsmarktForschung - Journal for Labour Market Research, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 39(3/4), pages 477-490.
- Fitzenberger, Bernd, 2008. "Nach der Reform ist vor der Reform? Eine arbeitsökonomische Analyse ausgewählter Aspekte der Hartz-Reformen," ZEW Discussion Papers 08-011, ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research.
- Biewen, Martin & Fitzenberger, Bernd & Osikominu, Aderonke & Völter, Robert & Waller, Marie, 2006. "Beschäftigungseffekte ausgewählter Maßnahmen der beruflichen Weiterbildung in Deutschland : eine Bestandsaufnahme (Effects of selected measures of further vocational training in Germany : an apprai," Zeitschrift für ArbeitsmarktForschung - Journal for Labour Market Research, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 39(3/4), pages 365-390.
- Fitzenberger, Bernd, 2008. "Nach der Reform ist vor der Reform? Eine arbeitsökonomische Analyse ausgewählter Aspekte der Hartz-Reformen," ZEW Discussion Papers 08-011 [rev.], ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung / Center for European Economic Research.
- Waller, Marie, 2008. "Further training for the unemployed : what can we learn about dropouts from administrative data?," FDZ Methodenreport 200804_en, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
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