IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/r/eee/ejores/v115y1999i1p173-178.html
   My bibliography  Save this item

Single-machine scheduling with learning considerations

Citations

Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
as


Cited by:

  1. Xingong Zhang & Guangle Yan & Wanzhen Huang & Guochun Tang, 2011. "Single-machine scheduling problems with time and position dependent processing times," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 186(1), pages 345-356, June.
  2. Yang, Suh-Jenq & Yang, Dar-Li, 2010. "Minimizing the makespan on single-machine scheduling with aging effect and variable maintenance activities," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 38(6), pages 528-533, December.
  3. Gordon, Valery & Proth, Jean-Marie & Chu, Chengbin, 2002. "A survey of the state-of-the-art of common due date assignment and scheduling research," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 139(1), pages 1-25, May.
  4. Bartłomiej Przybylski, 2022. "Parallel-machine scheduling of jobs with mixed job-, machine- and position-dependent processing times," Journal of Combinatorial Optimization, Springer, vol. 44(1), pages 207-222, August.
  5. Cheng, T. C. E. & Ding, Q. & Lin, B. M. T., 2004. "A concise survey of scheduling with time-dependent processing times," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 152(1), pages 1-13, January.
  6. Arne Schulz, 2023. "The balanced maximally diverse grouping problem with integer attribute values," Journal of Combinatorial Optimization, Springer, vol. 45(5), pages 1-27, July.
  7. Min Ji & Yingchun Zhang & Yuan Zhang & T. C. E. Cheng & Yiwei Jiang, 2022. "Single-machine multitasking scheduling with job efficiency promotion," Journal of Combinatorial Optimization, Springer, vol. 44(1), pages 446-479, August.
  8. Jun Pei & Bayi Cheng & Xinbao Liu & Panos M. Pardalos & Min Kong, 2019. "Single-machine and parallel-machine serial-batching scheduling problems with position-based learning effect and linear setup time," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 272(1), pages 217-241, January.
  9. Radosław Rudek, 2017. "Parallel machine scheduling with general sum of processing time based models," Journal of Global Optimization, Springer, vol. 68(4), pages 799-814, August.
  10. Wang, Ji-Bo, 2007. "Single-machine scheduling problems with the effects of learning and deterioration," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 35(4), pages 397-402, August.
  11. Ji-Bo Wang & Ming-Zheng Wang, 2011. "Worst-case behavior of simple sequencing rules in flow shop scheduling with general position-dependent learning effects," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 191(1), pages 155-169, November.
  12. Kuo, Wen-Hung & Yang, Dar-Li, 2006. "Minimizing the total completion time in a single-machine scheduling problem with a time-dependent learning effect," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 174(2), pages 1184-1190, October.
  13. Gordon, Valery S. & Strusevich, Vitaly A., 2009. "Single machine scheduling and due date assignment with positionally dependent processing times," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 198(1), pages 57-62, October.
  14. Kinable, Joris & Cire, Andre A. & van Hoeve, Willem-Jan, 2017. "Hybrid optimization methods for time-dependent sequencing problems," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 259(3), pages 887-897.
  15. Li, Gang & Wang, Xiao-Yuan & Wang, Ji-Bo & Sun, Lin-Yan, 2013. "Worst case analysis of flow shop scheduling problems with a time-dependent learning effect," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 142(1), pages 98-104.
  16. Shang-Chia Liu, 2015. "Common Due-Window Assignment and Group Scheduling with Position-Dependent Processing Times," Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research (APJOR), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 32(06), pages 1-19, December.
  17. Baruch Mor & Gur Mosheiov & Dana Shapira, 2020. "Flowshop scheduling with learning effect and job rejection," Journal of Scheduling, Springer, vol. 23(6), pages 631-641, December.
  18. Zoltán Varga & Pál Simon, 2014. "Examination Of Scheduling Methods For Production Systems," Advanced Logistic systems, University of Miskolc, Department of Material Handling and Logistics, vol. 8(1), pages 111-120, December.
  19. Maciej Drozdowski & Florian Jaehn & Radosław Paszkowski, 2017. "Scheduling Position-Dependent Maintenance Operations," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 65(6), pages 1657-1677, December.
  20. Aarabi, Fatemeh & Batta, Rajan, 2020. "Scheduling spatially distributed jobs with degradation: Application to pothole repair," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
  21. Derya Deliktaş, 2022. "Self-adaptive memetic algorithms for multi-objective single machine learning-effect scheduling problems with release times," Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal, Springer, vol. 34(3), pages 748-784, September.
  22. Bai, Danyu & Tang, Mengqian & Zhang, Zhi-Hai & Santibanez-Gonzalez, Ernesto DR, 2018. "Flow shop learning effect scheduling problem with release dates," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 21-38.
  23. Koulamas, Christos & Kyparisis, George J., 2007. "Single-machine and two-machine flowshop scheduling with general learning functions," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 178(2), pages 402-407, April.
  24. Janiak, Adam & Janiak, Władysław A. & Krysiak, Tomasz & Kwiatkowski, Tomasz, 2015. "A survey on scheduling problems with due windows," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 242(2), pages 347-357.
  25. Battaïa, Olga & Dolgui, Alexandre, 2013. "A taxonomy of line balancing problems and their solutionapproaches," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 142(2), pages 259-277.
  26. Mina Roohnavazfar & Daniele Manerba & Lohic Fotio Tiotsop & Seyed Hamid Reza Pasandideh & Roberto Tadei, 2021. "Stochastic single machine scheduling problem as a multi-stage dynamic random decision process," Computational Management Science, Springer, vol. 18(3), pages 267-297, July.
  27. A Bachman & A Janiak, 2004. "Scheduling jobs with position-dependent processing times," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 55(3), pages 257-264, March.
  28. Yang, Wen-Hua & Chand, Suresh, 2008. "Learning and forgetting effects on a group scheduling problem," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 187(3), pages 1033-1044, June.
  29. Wen-Hung Wu & Yunqiang Yin & T C E Cheng & Win-Chin Lin & Juei-Chao Chen & Shin-Yi Luo & Chin-Chia Wu, 2017. "A combined approach for two-agent scheduling with sum-of-processing-times-based learning effect," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 68(2), pages 111-120, February.
  30. W-H Kuo & D-L Yang, 2011. "A note on due-date assignment and single-machine scheduling with deteriorating jobs and learning effects," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 62(1), pages 206-210, January.
  31. Lee, Wen-Chiung & Chung, Yu-Hsiang, 2013. "Permutation flowshop scheduling to minimize the total tardiness with learning effects," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 141(1), pages 327-334.
  32. Min Ji & Chou-Jung Hsu & Dar-Li Yang, 2013. "Single-machine scheduling with deteriorating jobs and aging effects under an optional maintenance activity consideration," Journal of Combinatorial Optimization, Springer, vol. 26(3), pages 437-447, October.
  33. Ji-Bo Wang & Bo Cui & Ping Ji & Wei-Wei Liu, 2021. "Research on single-machine scheduling with position-dependent weights and past-sequence-dependent delivery times," Journal of Combinatorial Optimization, Springer, vol. 41(2), pages 290-303, February.
  34. Zhang, Zhe & Song, Xiaoling & Huang, Huijung & Zhou, Xiaoyang & Yin, Yong, 2022. "Logic-based Benders decomposition method for the seru scheduling problem with sequence-dependent setup time and DeJong’s learning effect," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 297(3), pages 866-877.
  35. Chen, Ke & Cheng, T.C.E. & Huang, Hailiang & Ji, Min & Yao, Danli, 2023. "Single-machine scheduling with autonomous and induced learning to minimize total weighted number of tardy jobs," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 309(1), pages 24-34.
  36. Radosław Rudek, 2012. "Scheduling problems with position dependent job processing times: computational complexity results," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 196(1), pages 491-516, July.
  37. Rustogi, Kabir & Strusevich, Vitaly A., 2012. "Single machine scheduling with general positional deterioration and rate-modifying maintenance," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 40(6), pages 791-804.
  38. Jiang, Zhongyi & Chen, Fangfang & Kang, Huiyan, 2013. "Single-machine scheduling problems with actual time-dependent and job-dependent learning effect," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 227(1), pages 76-80.
  39. Agarwal, Anurag & Pirkul, Hasan & Jacob, Varghese S., 2003. "Augmented neural networks for task scheduling," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 151(3), pages 481-502, December.
  40. J-B Wang, 2010. "Single-machine scheduling with a sum-of-actual-processing-time-based learning effect," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 61(1), pages 172-177, January.
  41. Zhongyi Jiang & Fangfang Chen & Xiandong Zhang, 2017. "Single-machine scheduling with times-based and job-dependent learning effect," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 68(7), pages 809-815, July.
  42. Jian-You Xu & Win-Chin Lin & Yu-Wei Chang & Yu-Hsiang Chung & Juin-Han Chen & Chin-Chia Wu, 2023. "A Two-Machine Learning Date Flow-Shop Scheduling Problem with Heuristics and Population-Based GA to Minimize the Makespan," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-21, September.
  43. Baruch Mor, 2019. "Minmax scheduling problems with common due-date and completion time penalty," Journal of Combinatorial Optimization, Springer, vol. 38(1), pages 50-71, July.
  44. D-L Yang & W-H Kuo, 2007. "Single-machine scheduling with an actual time-dependent learning effect," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 58(10), pages 1348-1353, October.
  45. Biskup, Dirk, 2008. "A state-of-the-art review on scheduling with learning effects," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 188(2), pages 315-329, July.
  46. Qian, Jianbo & Steiner, George, 2013. "Fast algorithms for scheduling with learning effects and time-dependent processing times on a single machine," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 225(3), pages 547-551.
  47. Zhe Zhang & Xiaoling Song & Huijun Huang & Yong Yin & Benjamin Lev, 2022. "Scheduling problem in seru production system considering DeJong’s learning effect and job splitting," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 312(2), pages 1119-1141, May.
  48. Koulamas, Christos, 2011. "A unified solution approach for the due date assignment problem with tardy jobs," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 132(2), pages 292-295, August.
  49. Heuser, Patricia & Tauer, Björn, 2023. "Single-machine scheduling with product category-based learning and forgetting effects," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 115(C).
  50. Cheng, T.C.E. & Wu, Chin-Chia & Chen, Juei-Chao & Wu, Wen-Hsiang & Cheng, Shuenn-Ren, 2013. "Two-machine flowshop scheduling with a truncated learning function to minimize the makespan," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 141(1), pages 79-86.
  51. Wen-Chiung Lee, 2004. "A Note on Deteriorating Jobs and Learning in Single-Machine Scheduling Problems," International Journal of Business and Economics, School of Management Development, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan, vol. 3(1), pages 83-89, April.
  52. Yi-Chun Wang & Ji-Bo Wang, 2023. "Study on Convex Resource Allocation Scheduling with a Time-Dependent Learning Effect," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(14), pages 1-20, July.
  53. W-H Kuo & D-L Yang, 2008. "Minimizing the makespan in a single-machine scheduling problem with the cyclic process of an aging effect," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 59(3), pages 416-420, March.
  54. Jun Pei & Xinbao Liu & Panos M. Pardalos & Athanasios Migdalas & Shanlin Yang, 2017. "Serial-batching scheduling with time-dependent setup time and effects of deterioration and learning on a single-machine," Journal of Global Optimization, Springer, vol. 67(1), pages 251-262, January.
  55. Hongyu He & Mengqi Liu & Ji-Bo Wang, 2017. "Resource constrained scheduling with general truncated job-dependent learning effect," Journal of Combinatorial Optimization, Springer, vol. 33(2), pages 626-644, February.
  56. Koulamas, Christos & Gupta, Sushil & Kyparisis, George J., 2010. "A unified analysis for the single-machine scheduling problem with controllable and non-controllable variable job processing times," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 205(2), pages 479-482, September.
  57. S. M. Mousavi & I. Mahdavi & J. Rezaeian & M. Zandieh, 2018. "An efficient bi-objective algorithm to solve re-entrant hybrid flow shop scheduling with learning effect and setup times," Operational Research, Springer, vol. 18(1), pages 123-158, April.
  58. W-H Kuo & C-J Hsu & D-L Yang, 2009. "A note on unrelated parallel machine scheduling with time-dependent processing times," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 60(3), pages 431-434, March.
  59. Finke, Gerd & Gara-Ali, Ahmed & Espinouse, Marie-Laure & Jost, Vincent & Moncel, Julien, 2017. "Unified matrix approach to solve production-maintenance problems on a single machine," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 66(PA), pages 140-146.
  60. Corominas, Albert & Olivella, Jordi & Pastor, Rafael, 2010. "A model for the assignment of a set of tasks when work performance depends on experience of all tasks involved," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 126(2), pages 335-340, August.
  61. Peng Liu & Xiaoli Wang, 2017. "Maximum Lateness Scheduling on Two-Person Cooperative Games with Variable Processing Times and Common Due Date," Journal of Optimization, Hindawi, vol. 2017, pages 1-7, April.
  62. Zhang Xingong & Wang Yong & Bai Shikun, 2016. "Single-machine group scheduling problems with deteriorating and learning effect," International Journal of Systems Science, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 47(10), pages 2402-2410, July.
  63. Wang, Xiuli & Edwin Cheng, T.C., 2007. "Single-machine scheduling with deteriorating jobs and learning effects to minimize the makespan," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 178(1), pages 57-70, April.
  64. Biskup, Dirk & Simons, Dirk, 2004. "Common due date scheduling with autonomous and induced learning," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 159(3), pages 606-616, December.
  65. Xiufang Zhang & Tangbin Xia & Ershun Pan & Yuqing Li, 2022. "Integrated optimization on production scheduling and imperfect preventive maintenance considering multi-degradation and learning-forgetting effects," Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal, Springer, vol. 34(2), pages 451-482, June.
  66. Zhao Peng & Huan Zhang & Hongtao Tang & Yue Feng & Weiming Yin, 2022. "Research on flexible job-shop scheduling problem in green sustainable manufacturing based on learning effect," Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, Springer, vol. 33(6), pages 1725-1746, August.
  67. Koulamas, Christos & Kyparisis, George J., 2008. "Single-machine scheduling problems with past-sequence-dependent setup times," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 187(3), pages 1045-1049, June.
  68. Gara-Ali, Ahmed & Finke, Gerd & Espinouse, Marie-Laure, 2016. "Parallel-machine scheduling with maintenance: Praising the assignment problem," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 252(1), pages 90-97.
  69. Gur Mosheiov & Assaf Sarig & Vitaly Strusevich, 2020. "Minmax scheduling and due-window assignment with position-dependent processing times and job rejection," 4OR, Springer, vol. 18(4), pages 439-456, December.
  70. Koulamas, Christos, 2010. "A note on single-machine scheduling with job-dependent learning effects," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 207(2), pages 1142-1143, December.
  71. Kai-biao Sun & Hong-xing Li, 2009. "Some single-machine scheduling problems with actual time and position dependent learning effects," Fuzzy Information and Engineering, Springer, vol. 1(2), pages 161-177, June.
  72. Cheng, Bayi & Zhu, Huijun & Li, Kai & Li, Yongjun, 2019. "Optimization of batch operations with a truncated batch-position-based learning effect," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 134-143.
  73. P Chen & C-C Wu & W-C Lee, 2006. "A bi-criteria two-machine flowshop scheduling problem with a learning effect," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 57(9), pages 1113-1125, September.
  74. Oron, Daniel, 2016. "Scheduling controllable processing time jobs with position-dependent workloads," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 153-160.
  75. Ercan Şenyiğit & Uğur Atici & Mehmet Burak Şenol, 2022. "Effects of OCRA parameters and learning rate on machine scheduling," Central European Journal of Operations Research, Springer;Slovak Society for Operations Research;Hungarian Operational Research Society;Czech Society for Operations Research;Österr. Gesellschaft für Operations Research (ÖGOR);Slovenian Society Informatika - Section for Operational Research;Croatian Operational Research Society, vol. 30(3), pages 941-959, September.
  76. Lai, Peng-Jen & Lee, Wen-Chiung, 2011. "Single-machine scheduling with general sum-of-processing-time-based and position-based learning effects," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 39(5), pages 467-471, October.
  77. Lee, Wen-Chiung & Wu, Chin-Chia, 2004. "Minimizing total completion time in a two-machine flowshop with a learning effect," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 88(1), pages 85-93, March.
  78. Wang, J.-B. & Ng, C.T. & Cheng, T.C.E. & Liu, L.L., 2008. "Single-machine scheduling with a time-dependent learning effect," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 111(2), pages 802-811, February.
  79. Xu, Zhiyong & Sun, Linyan & Gong, Juntao, 2008. "Worst-case analysis for flow shop scheduling with a learning effect," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 113(2), pages 748-753, June.
  80. Zong-Jun Wei & Li-Yan Wang & Lei Zhang & Ji-Bo Wang & Ershen Wang, 2023. "Single-Machine Maintenance Activity Scheduling with Convex Resource Constraints and Learning Effects," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(16), pages 1-21, August.
  81. Lee, Wen-Chiung & Wu, Chin-Chia & Hsu, Peng-Hsiang, 2010. "A single-machine learning effect scheduling problem with release times," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 38(1-2), pages 3-11, February.
  82. Jun Pei & Qingru Song & Baoyu Liao & Xinbao Liu & Panos M. Pardalos, 2021. "Parallel-machine serial-batching scheduling with release times under the effects of position-dependent learning and time-dependent deterioration," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 298(1), pages 407-444, March.
  83. G Mosheiov & J B Sidney, 2005. "Note on scheduling with general learning curves to minimize the number of tardy jobs," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 56(1), pages 110-112, January.
  84. S.S. Panwalkar & Christos Koulamas, 2015. "On equivalence between the proportionate flow shop and single‐machine scheduling problems," Naval Research Logistics (NRL), John Wiley & Sons, vol. 62(7), pages 595-603, October.
  85. Qian, Jin & Lin, Hexiang & Kong, Yufeng & Wang, Yuansong, 2020. "Tri-criteria single machine scheduling model with release times and learning factor," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 387(C).
  86. Hamta, Nima & Fatemi Ghomi, S.M.T. & Jolai, F. & Akbarpour Shirazi, M., 2013. "A hybrid PSO algorithm for a multi-objective assembly line balancing problem with flexible operation times, sequence-dependent setup times and learning effect," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 141(1), pages 99-111.
  87. Mosheiov, Gur & Sidney, Jeffrey B., 2003. "Scheduling with general job-dependent learning curves," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 147(3), pages 665-670, June.
  88. Rustogi, Kabir & Strusevich, Vitaly A., 2012. "Simple matching vs linear assignment in scheduling models with positional effects: A critical review," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 222(3), pages 393-407.
  89. J-B Wang & Z-Q Xia, 2005. "Flow-shop scheduling with a learning effect," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 56(11), pages 1325-1330, November.
  90. Chang, Pei-Chann & Chen, Shih-Hsin & Mani, V., 2009. "A note on due-date assignment and single machine scheduling with a learning/aging effect," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 117(1), pages 142-149, January.
  91. Mosheiov, Gur, 2001. "Scheduling problems with a learning effect," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 132(3), pages 687-693, August.
  92. Anzanello, Michel J. & Fogliatto, Flavio S. & Santos, Luana, 2014. "Learning dependent job scheduling in mass customized scenarios considering ergonomic factors," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 136-145.
  93. Hongyu He & Yanzhi Zhao & Xiaojun Ma & Yuan-Yuan Lu & Na Ren & Ji-Bo Wang, 2023. "Study on Scheduling Problems with Learning Effects and Past Sequence Delivery Times," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-19, September.
  94. Wu, Chin-Chia & Lee, Wen-Chiung, 2009. "A note on the total completion time problem in a permutation flowshop with a learning effect," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 192(1), pages 343-347, January.
  95. Lung-Yu Li & Jian-You Xu & Shuenn-Ren Cheng & Xingong Zhang & Win-Chin Lin & Jia-Cheng Lin & Zong-Lin Wu & Chin-Chia Wu, 2022. "A Genetic Hyper-Heuristic for an Order Scheduling Problem with Two Scenario-Dependent Parameters in a Parallel-Machine Environment," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(21), pages 1-22, November.
  96. Cheng, T.C.E. & Shafransky, Y. & Ng, C.T., 2016. "An alternative approach for proving the NP-hardness of optimization problems," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 248(1), pages 52-58.
  97. Baoyu Liao & Xingming Wang & Xing Zhu & Shanlin Yang & Panos M. Pardalos, 2020. "Less is more approach for competing groups scheduling with different learning effects," Journal of Combinatorial Optimization, Springer, vol. 39(1), pages 33-54, January.
  98. Dar-Li Yang & Wen-Hung Kuo, 2009. "Single-machine scheduling with both deterioration and learning effects," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 172(1), pages 315-327, November.
  99. Wen-Hung Kuo, 2012. "Single-machine group scheduling with time-dependent learning effect and position-based setup time learning effect," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 196(1), pages 349-359, July.
IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.