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Optimal taxes on capital in the OLG model with uninsurable idiosyncratic income risk

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  • Krueger, Dirk
  • Ludwig, Alexander

Abstract

We characterize the optimal linear tax on capital in an Overlapping Generations model with two period lived households facing uninsurable idiosyncratic labor income risk. The Ramsey government internalizes the general equilibrium effects of private precautionary saving on factor prices. For logarithmic utility a complete analytical solution of the Ramsey problem exhibits an optimal aggregate saving rate that is independent of income risk, whereas the optimal time-invariant tax on capital implementing this saving rate is increasing in income risk. The optimal saving rate is constant along the transition and its sign depends on the magnitude of risk and on the Pareto weight of future generations. If the Ramsey tax rate that maximizes steady state utility is positive, then implementing this tax rate permanently induces a Pareto-improving transition even if the initial equilibrium is dynamically efficient. For general Epstein-Zin-Weil utility we show that the optimal steady state saving rate is increasing in income risk if and only if the intertemporal elasticity of substitution is smaller than 1.

Suggested Citation

  • Krueger, Dirk & Ludwig, Alexander, 2019. "Optimal taxes on capital in the OLG model with uninsurable idiosyncratic income risk," SAFE Working Paper Series 201, Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE, revised 2019.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:safewp:201
    DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3124792
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    8. YiLi Chien & Yi Wen, 2022. "Optimal Ramsey Taxation in Heterogeneous Agent Economies with Quasi-Linear Preferences," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 46, pages 124-160, October.
    9. YiLi Chien & Yi Wen & HsinJung Wu, 2020. "Are Government Bonds Net Wealth or a Liability? ---Optimal Debt and Taxes in an OLG Model with Uninsurable Income Risk," Working Papers 2020-007, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, revised 03 Jan 2021.
    10. Brant Abbott & Giovanni Gallipoli, 2022. "Permanent‐income inequality," Quantitative Economics, Econometric Society, vol. 13(3), pages 1023-1060, July.
    11. Chien, YiLi & Wen, Yi, 2023. "Optimal fiscal policy under capital overaccumulation," Macroeconomic Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 27(6), pages 1706-1736, September.
    12. Krapf, Matthias, 2018. "The Joint Distribution of Wealth and Income Risk: Evidence from Bern," Working papers 2018/18, Faculty of Business and Economics - University of Basel.
    13. Li, Meng, 2023. "Loss aversion and inefficient general equilibrium over the business cycle," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    14. Gorokhovsky, Alexander & Rubinchik, Anna, 2022. "Necessary and sufficient conditions for determinacy of asymptotically stationary equilibria in OLG models," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 204(C).
    15. HIRAGUCHI Ryoji, 2023. "Optimal Government Debt Policy in the Overlapping Generations Model with Idiosyncratic Capital Return Risk," Discussion papers 23063, Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (RIETI).
    16. Torben M. Andersen, 2020. "Taxation of capital income in overlapping generations economies," Journal of Public Economic Theory, Association for Public Economic Theory, vol. 22(5), pages 1245-1261, September.
    17. Mark Aguiar & Manuel Amador & Cristina Arellano, 2021. "Micro Risks and Pareto Improving Policies," Working Papers 2021-15, Princeton University. Economics Department..
    18. Andrea Modena & Luca Regis, 2023. "Capital Risk, Fiscal Policy, and the Distribution of Wealth," CRC TR 224 Discussion Paper Series crctr224_2023_454, University of Bonn and University of Mannheim, Germany.
    19. Yunmin Chen & YiLi Chien & C.C. Yang, 2017. "Implementing the Modified Golden Rule? Optimal Ramsey Capital Taxation with Incomplete Markets Revisited," Working Papers 2017-003, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, revised 01 Oct 2020.
    20. Jaimes, Richard, 2023. "Does idiosyncratic risk matter for climate policy?," Environment and Development Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 28(4), pages 353-367, August.
    21. YiLi Chien & Yi Wen, 2019. "Don't Tax Capital---Optimal Ramsey Taxation in Heterogeneous Agent Economies with Quasi-Linear Preferences," 2019 Meeting Papers 258, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    22. John Revesz, 2020. "A Model of the Optimal Tax Mix Including Capital Taxation," Atlantic Economic Journal, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 48(3), pages 387-402, September.
    23. Pierre-Richard Agénor & Luiz Awazu Pereira da Silva, 2023. "Global public goods, fiscal policy coordination, and welfare in the world economy," BIS Working Papers 1106, Bank for International Settlements.
    24. Makarski, Krzysztof & Tyrowicz, Joanna & Komada, Oliwia, 2021. "Efficiency versus Insurance: Capital Income Taxation and Privatizing Social Security," IZA Discussion Papers 14805, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Idiosyncratic Risk; Taxation of Capital; Overlapping Generations; Precautionary Saving; Pecuniary Externality;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H21 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Efficiency; Optimal Taxation
    • H31 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents - - - Household
    • E21 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Consumption; Saving; Wealth

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