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Central bank digital currency

Author

Listed:
  • Grym, Aleksi
  • Heikkinen, Päivi
  • Kauko, Karlo
  • Takala, Kari

Abstract

Central banks have traditionally issued cash to the general public. With digitalisation, banknotes are becoming a technically outdated payment instrument, and some central banks have explored the possibility of central bank-issued electronic money applicable to retail payments. Electronic central bank money would offer the public the possibility to hold central bank money in a potentially cashless future. In its present form, blockchain technology would probably not be a suitable solution, since it is unable to process a sufficiently large number of transactions. Electronic central bank money would potentially have significant implications for other areas of central bank policy, which should be meticulously analysed.

Suggested Citation

  • Grym, Aleksi & Heikkinen, Päivi & Kauko, Karlo & Takala, Kari, 2017. "Central bank digital currency," BoF Economics Review 5/2017, Bank of Finland.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:bofecr:52017
    Note: This article was originally published in Finnish under the title ”Digitaalinen keskuspankkiraha”, BoF Economics Review 4/2017: http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:bof-201711031665
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    File URL: https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/212990/1/bofer-2017-05.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jyrkönen, Hanna & Paunonen, Heli, 2003. "Card, Internet and mobile payments in Finland," Research Discussion Papers 8/2003, Bank of Finland.
    2. Jean-Charles Rochet & Jean Tirole, 2003. "Platform Competition in Two-Sided Markets," Journal of the European Economic Association, MIT Press, vol. 1(4), pages 990-1029, June.
    3. Eduardo Levy Yeyati, 2006. "Financial dollarization: evaluating the consequences [‘A simple model of monetary policy and currency crises’]," Economic Policy, CEPR, CESifo, Sciences Po;CES;MSH, vol. 21(45), pages 62-118.
    4. Dwyer, Gerald P., 2015. "The economics of Bitcoin and similar private digital currencies," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 17(C), pages 81-91.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Toshiko Matsui & Daniel Perez, 2021. "Data-driven analysis of central bank digital currency (CBDC) projects drivers," Papers 2102.11807, arXiv.org.
    2. Ansgar Belke & Edoardo Beretta, 2020. "From cash to central bank digital currencies and cryptocurrencies: a balancing act between modernity and monetary stability," Journal of Economic Studies, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 47(4), pages 911-938, June.
    3. Grym, Aleksi, 2020. "Lessons learned from the world's first CBDC," BoF Economics Review 8/2020, Bank of Finland.
    4. Bai, HaiChen & Cong, Lin William & Luo, Mei & Xie, Ping, 2025. "Adoption of central bank digital currencies: Initial evidence from China," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    5. Bibi, Samuele, 2023. "Money in the time of crypto," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    6. Grym, Aleksi, 2018. "The great illusion of digital currencies," BoF Economics Review 1/2018, Bank of Finland.
    7. Sarah Allen & Srđjan Čapkun & Ittay Eyal & Giulia Fanti & Bryan A. Ford & James Grimmelmann & Ari Juels & Kari Kostiainen & Sarah Meiklejohn & Andrew Miller & Eswar Prasad & Karl Wüst & Fan Zhang, 2020. "Design Choices for Central Bank Digital Currency: Policy and Technical Considerations," NBER Working Papers 27634, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    8. Paolo Fegatelli, 2019. "Central bank digital currencies: The case of universal central bank reserves," BCL working papers 130, Central Bank of Luxembourg.
    9. Sergio Luis Náñez Alonso & Miguel Ángel Echarte Fernández & David Sanz Bas & Jarosław Kaczmarek, 2020. "Reasons Fostering or Discouraging the Implementation of Central Bank-Backed Digital Currency: A Review," Economies, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-27, May.
    10. Peterson K. Ozili, 2023. "Central Bank Digital Currency Can Lead to the Collapse of Cryptocurrency," Contemporary Studies in Economic and Financial Analysis, in: Digital Transformation, Strategic Resilience, Cyber Security and Risk Management, volume 111, pages 191-198, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
    11. Peterson K. Ozili, 2022. "Central Bank Digital Currency in Nigeria: Opportunities and Risks," Contemporary Studies in Economic and Financial Analysis, in: The New Digital Era: Digitalisation, Emerging Risks and Opportunities, volume 109, pages 125-133, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
    12. Belke, Ansgar & Beretta, Edoardo, 2019. "From cash to central bank digital currencies and cryptocurrencies: A balancing act between modernity and monetary stability," Ruhr Economic Papers 816, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Ruhr-University Bochum, TU Dortmund University, University of Duisburg-Essen.

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies
    • E42 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Monetary Systems; Standards; Regimes; Government and the Monetary System

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